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-= Job Title [Casandra Miller-Black] =
+==What Can You Do With a Degree in Psychology?==
-	Surveillant for the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS)
-== General overview ==
-	This job is part of the CSIS’s intelligence collection sector. The job entails working from within one of the regional offices, conducting surveillance work to provide intel about national security, and to keep an eye on potential threats to said security. Surveillants work as a part of CSIS’s dedicated and diverse team of security operatives and staff, belonging to a wider network of agents and technicians who help ensure civilian safety on a national scale. The position includes both physical surveillance and substantial research on probable threats, in a team setting where surveillants perform a wide range of tasks depending on the nature of the assignment <ref name="CSIS"> CSIS. (2014c). Surveillant. Canadian Security Intelligence Service. Retrieved from https://csiscareers.ca/en/jobs/surveillant</ref>	.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-	Surveillants are expected to conduct reconnaissance operations and physical surveillance missions within the province they are located in. This may involve following a specific target around a city without being detected, or it could involve remaining in a stationary position for the entirety of a shift and reporting on the ongoings at that location. Surveillants are also responsible for researching and assessing possible threats and information related to said threats. They must pool resources and create detailed reports and profiles on potential threats to national security. Furthermore, a surveillant must provide working reports on the intel that has been collected through the previously mentioned surveillance activities, thereby creating further resources on the targets being observed. Finally, surveillants multitask during surveillance operations and complete multiple smaller assignments while simultaneously working on a larger task <ref name="CSIS" />.
-== Typical workday ==
-	A surveillant’s workday will likely not be routine, the nature of the task being dependent upon how a target individual or group acts in a situation. Surveillants are often tasked with going to a location to observe and obtain information about a given target or group. When a surveillant is tasked with this type of work they typically have to follow the target wherever they go. The surveillant must remain discrete and invisible, never alerting the target to their presence <ref name="Career"> CSIS Careers. (2012). CSIS physical surveillance unit - recruiting video [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/DES9mJe1pM8?list=UUmzDRia4D_FysMuQJXLzwvw</ref>. In this case the surveillant may be required to follow around the group or individual for the duration of their shift with no guarantee that any intel will come within that time frame. Still, on other days the surveillant will be able to collect the right information needed to halt a threat to national security and possibly save lives <ref name="Scott"> Scott, G. (2012). Unlike 007, CSIS gigs offer little glamour. canada.com. Retrieved from http://o.canada.com/life/unlike-007-csis-gigs-offer-little-glamour</ref>. Typically this work day will be carried out by a team, not an individual surveillant, as it takes a team of agents to make sure intel is collected with discretion and without any of the surveillants having their covers blown <ref name="Career" />.
-	This job entails not only physical surveillance but also large amounts of research and analysis. Surveillants can be expected to spend some of their workdays within their regional office, drafting intel reports and organizing the information that has been collected on reconnaissance missions. A workday like this may include group debriefing sessions or tactical planning with a team of other surveillants and CSIS team leaders. Depending on the situation at hand, surveillants may spend part of their shift working in the field, collecting information, and then spend the remainder of said shift working within an office setting<ref name="Career" />.
-	Surveillants work on shift work and may work from any of the six regional offices across the country, furthermore there are multiple regional divisions that report to the regional offices so the work locales for surveillants range depending on the province and city they are based out of. The offices are all in urban centres but a surveillant’s work could take them into a rural setting depending on the task. Overall, a typical workday will have a lot of variance not only depending on the task but on the province or territory the work is situated in. Surveillance tasks could be at any hour of the day in any city within the surveillant’s region <ref name="CSIS" /><ref name="Career" />.
-<videoflash>=DES9mJe1pM8|400|300|centre</videoflash>
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-	The bare minimum applicants are required to have completed a two year college diploma <ref name="CSIS" /><ref name="Scott" />. While these degrees can be obtained all over the country, the following schools have particularly relevant programs to the surveillant job based on its duties and responsibilities: Brock University (Collaborative Study in Policing and Criminal Justice, Psychology, Sociology with a Criminology Concentration), Georgian College (Police Foundations), and Niagara College (Police Foundations) <ref>Brock University (2010a). Collaborative study in policing and criminal justice program. Brock University. Retrieved from http://brocku.ca/social-sciences/collaborative-programs/policing</ref><ref>Brock University. (2010b). Department of psychology: Undergraduate program. Brock University. Retrieved from http://brocku.ca/social-sciences/departments-and-centres/psychology/undergrad</ref><ref> Brock University. (2010c). Department of sociology. Brock University. Retrieved from http://brocku.ca/social-sciences/departments-and-centres/sociology/undergraduate</ref><ref> Georgian College (2015). Police foundations. Georgian College. Retrieved from http://www.georgiancollege.ca/academics/full-time-programs/police-foundations-pfpr/</ref><ref> Niagara College Canada (2015). Police Foundations. Niagara College Canada. Retrieved from http://	www.niagaracollege.ca/content/Programs/FulltimeStudies/JusticeStudies/PoliceFoundations.aspx</ref>. The policing programs and criminology program are especially relevant since former police officers and criminology graduates make up the bulk of CSIS surveillant agents <ref name="Scott" />. Since these programs focus on crime and society they will provide a solid background for the work a surveillant does.
-	Aside from education, top security clearance is also required for this position. The applicant must be a Canadian citizen and needs to be able to verify their whereabouts for at least the previous decade by providing access to personal records, bills, etc. Top security clearance is granted through an investigation by the organization: this process is extensive and requires a security interview, a lie-detector test utilizing a polygraph, and a thorough background check<ref name="CSISa"> CSIS. (2014a). Do you qualify?. Canadian Security Intelligence Service. Retrieved from https://csiscareers.ca/en/how-apply/do-you-qualify</ref><ref name="CSISb"> CSIS. (2014b). Frequently asked questions. Canadian Security Intelligence Service. Retrieved from https://csiscareers.ca/en/frequently-asked-questions-faq
-</ref>.
-	The applicant must also have a valid, and permanent Canadian driver’s license with at least two years of driving experience and if the applicant is seeking out a position in Quebec, fluency in French is absolutely essential for the position, while other provinces permit English-only speakers to serve as surveillants. On top of this, contacted applicants will be required to pass an training program assessing their suitability for the position <ref name="CSIS" /><ref name="CSISa" /><ref name="CSISb" />.
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-	CSIS stresses that candidates for the surveillant position should be in good or excellent physical health because of the physical component of this job. Depending on the physical location of the surveillance operations, surveillants may be asked to walk or run long distances, climb, or partake in other physical activities that require a degree of strength and endurance <ref name="CSIS" /><ref name="Career" /><ref name="Scott" /><ref name="CSISb" />.
-	Furthermore, CSIS Careers<ref name="Career" /> stresses in their recruitment that patience, flexibility and common-sense are important attributes for surveillants as surveillants are often tasked with operations that involve large amounts of waiting and their tasks are likely to change on a whim. Since CSIS agents often have to work under changing circumstances, quick thinking and common-sense come into play when making split second decisions that could either ensure the success of their team or cause them to lose time. Individuals will also be expected to show collaboration and teamwork skills due to the group-oriented nature of the job<ref name="Career" />. Similarly, attention to detail and the ability to operate with discretion are vital skills to ensure a surveillant’s success. Since surveillants are at top security clearance they are often given classified and potentially dangerous information and therefore have to be vigilant about who they divulge this information to in order to maintain security <ref name="Career" />.
-	A transferable skill that is of particular importance to this position is the ability to research and draft reports. Surveillants must go beyond physically surveilling an area or watching a group of people, they must be able to collect information from these tasks and then format them into formal reports. The ability to write concisely and clearly is absolutely vital to the reporting proportion of this job. That is, developed written communication skills are absolutely imperative to a surveillant’s work <ref name="CSIS" />. These qualities combined will make a surveillant more effective and therefore valuable to his or her team <ref name="Career" />.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-	While a psychology undergraduate degree is not required, the content from classes at Brock University such as “Introduction to Forensic Psychology” (PSYC 3P53)  and “Violent Predators” (PSYC 4P72) are highly relevant to the security work surveillants do, as they introduce the individual to concepts involving law enforcement, national security, and potential threats to said security. Both of these courses would have a surveillant better understand what is going on in the minds of the criminals or targets they are surveilling because of the various theories on criminality presented throughout the courses. For example, in the introductory course students learn about criminal profiling techniques (e.g., geographical profiling) that could be applicable to a surveillant’s work <ref> Book, A. (2013). Criminal profiling. PSYC 3P53. Lecture conducted from Brock University, St. Catharines, ON.</ref>. Similarly, “The Development of Deception” (PSYC 3P32) would provide insight into the different processes of lying and deception that a target may utilize against a CSIS agent when interacted with. This material could help surveillants catch targets in a lie and to recognize deceptive behaviours while observing either up close or from a distance<ref>Brock University. (2014). 2014-2015 undergraduate calendar: Psychology. Brock University. Retrieved from http://www.brocku.ca/webcal/2014/undergrad/psyc.html.</ref>.
-	A fourth course from Brock University, simply titled “Stress” (PSYC 3P75) would be beneficial for developing content knowledge that is relevant for a surveillant’s career because the information could help a surveillant identify when a target of interest has become distressed based on the physiological markers that are associated with stress (e.g., increased heart rate, heavy breathing, sweaty, etc.) and this would help surveillants react to their target <ref> Lackner, C. (2015a). Biological substrates of the stress response. PSYC 3P75. Lecture conducted from Brock University, St. Catharines, ON. </ref>. Furthermore, since surveillants are expected to deal with high levels of stress themselves, the psychological theories on how to decrease one’s own stress <ref name="CSIS" />. For example, research has shown that optimism and sufficient social circles can help an individual decrease their stress <ref> Lackner, C. (2015b). Stress, health, and illness. PSYC 3P75. Lecture conducted from Brock University, St. Catharines, ON.</ref>. This kind of knowledge could help a surveillant create ways to cope with the high stress environment of their job.
-	These kinds of courses are not unique to Brock University and can be found at different universities and colleges across the country. Courses at any institution that focus on forensic psychology or criminology would serve the same function at the forensic psychology and violent predators courses previously mentioned. For example, Seneca College offers a course titled “Forensic Psychology” that examines the same types of theories as the equivalent Brock course <ref>Seneca. (2015). Forensic Psychology. Seneca. Retrieved from http://www.senecac.on.ca/ssos/</ref>. Other institutions offering classes on deception and stress could also be utilized to prepare an individual for the surveillant position by examining similar topics as the ones explored in the Brock courses. Overall, a psychology undergraduate degree is relevant to this career because psychology involves studying human behaviour and the main objective a surveillant completes is to observe human behaviour.
-== Salary Potential ==
-	$58,000 to $70,000 a year. A surveillant’s salary is calculated under reviews of their performance in the position by a superior officer. Salary will vary based on years of experience and success in the position. Salary may differ by regional office but is mostly determined by the performance reviews previously mentioned <ref name="CSIS" /><ref name="Scott" />.
-== Job outlook ==
-	Currently, CSIS is recruiting surveillants for the regional office in Quebec. While this is the only posted demand for this job, the organization welcomes résumés for all positions and offices through a general application <ref name="CSIS" />. There are also many surveillant jobs for other organizations, with over 7,500 results appearing on the Government of Canada’s website (Government of Canada, 2015).  With the new funding for CSIS that Prime Minister Stephen Harper has proposed to support Anti-terrorism across the country it is likely that demands for surveillants shall continue to increase. As more resources come to the agency the ability to hire more individuals for surveillant roles will open up in provinces other than Quebec <ref> Payton, L. (2015). Anti-terrorism bill to be supported by Liberals, Justin Trudeau says. CBC. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/anti-terrorism-bill-to-be-supported-by-liberals-justin-trudeau-says-1.2945187</ref>.
-== To know more ==
-[https://csiscareers.ca/en/working-csis Visit CSIS's website for more information]
---[[User:Cm10hj|Cm10hj]] 18:54, 7 March 2015 (EST)
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Job Title (Alexandra Hopkins) =
-Social service worker
-== General Overview ==
-	Social service workers can work in a variety of fields such as mental health, community outreach or child services, with several consistencies in job description. They are responsible for assessing and connecting individuals to community resources<ref name= "NOC">Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. (2011). National occupational classification 2011. Retrieved from National Occupational Classification website: 	http://www5.hrsdc.gc.ca/NOC/English/NOC/2011/pdf/PrintableVersionNOC2011.pdf</ref>. They work with individuals, groups, families and organizations to achieve optimal and desired social functioning through assessment, evaluation and treatment<ref name="OCSWSSW">Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers. (2010). Retrieved from: 	http://www.ocswssw.org/en/default.htm</ref>. In accordance with the Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers, one must have a diploma in social service work and be a member of the College to hold the title of Social Service Worker in Ontario <ref name= "OCSWSSWethics">Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers. (2008). Code of ethics and 	standards of practice handbook. Retrieved from: 	http://www.ocswssw.org/docs/codeofethicsstandardsofpractice.pdf</ref>. Social service workers are not a regulated body in other provinces, thus registration with a College is not available.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-	 The role of a social service worker is to obtain a case history and prepare options for assistance and support, including community resources which may be beneficial. They assess need, eligibility, and provide referrals to community resources, including housing, financial assistance, and employment. Further, they are able to implement treatment programs including substance abuse and behavioural treatment<ref name="NOC" />. They may be responsible for providing treatment in the form of individual, group or familial therapy. They assist clients in connecting with social service programs and community programs. Social service workers are often responsible for collecting case histories, identify client’s deficits and assessing the effectiveness of treatments interventions<ref name= "jobbank">Government of Canada (n.d.). Canadian Job bank. Retrieved from: 	http://www.jobbank.gc.ca/home-eng.do</ref>. Further, social service workers may conduct custody assessments, working with children and their parents to determine parental access <ref name="OCSWSSW" />.
-== Typical workday ==
-	Social service workers may be employed in a variety of settings and work varying hours (e.g., shift, weekends, nights). They may be employed by government agencies, child protection services, mental health facilities, shelters or substance abuse centres<ref name="NOC" /><ref name= "jobbank" />. They may work with target, vulnerable populations such as physically disabled individuals, youth, homeless, or intellectually disabled persons <ref name= "jobbank" />. Work hours can vary in accordance with the services offered at that particular organization. For example, shelters, hospitals, child protection services may require shift work, weekends or nights while government facilities may hold business hours <ref name= "jobbank" />. As the availability of these resources may vary by region (e.g., rural versus urban), variability of hours in a particular region may be in accordance with services offered to the public.
-	The workday of a social service worker is dependent upon the type of community resource. It may involve meeting with clients (e.g., mentally ill, developmentally delayed, homeless, etc.), obtaining case history and providing assessments for therapeutic intervention or social service resources. They may provide crisis intervention in a clinical setting, supervise group activities (e.g., if working in a group home setting) and liaise with other social and community resources <ref name= "jobbank" />.
-	The workday of a social service worker may involve appointments with clients with set time limits. Alternatively, some facilities offer walk-in support (e.g., crisis counseling services) or as-needed (e.g., shelters, group homes, and other emergent support services)<ref name= "jobbank" />.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-	To obtain a career as a social service worker, one must complete a diploma from an accredited college in Canada or the United States <ref name= "OCSWSSW" /> and it may be completed in combination with a diploma in child and youth care or community support work<ref name= "jobbank" /><ref name="NOC" />.
-	All social service workers in Ontario are legally obligated to be registered with the Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers, which must be renewed annually. The cost for new graduates is $275 (includes application cost of $100), and $175 for the next two years. Thereafter, the cost is $275<ref name= "OCSWSSW" />. Other provinces do not have regulatory bodies for social service workers.
-	Often, certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first aid, non-violent crisis intervention, and/or applied suicide intervention skills training are required by employers<ref name= "jobbank" />. Training in these certifications may be obtained through human services resources, such as [http://distresscentreniagara.com Distress Centre of Niagara] or through volunteering with organizations such as [http://www.pathstonementalhealth.ca/volunteer Pathstone].
-Many schools in Canada offer diplomas in the social service field, some are listed below:
-<ul>
-<li>	[http://www.niagaracollege.ca/content/Programs/FulltimeStudies/CommunityStudies/SocialServiceWorker.aspx Niagara College] offers a two year diploma in social service work</li>
-<li>	[http://www.mohawkcollege.ca/community-urban-studies-programs/social-service-worker-diploma.html Mohawk College] offers a two year diploma in social service work with an option to fast track and complete the program in 16 months</li>
-<li>	[http://www.senecacollege.ca/fulltime/SSW.html Seneca College] offers a two year diploma in social service work as well as an accelerated program of 3 semesters</li>
-<li>	[http://www.fanshawec.ca/programs-courses/full-time-programs/ssw1-intro Fanshawe College] also offers both a two year and a [http://www.fanshawec.ca/programs-courses/full-time-programs/ssw2-intro 10 month fast track program] </li>
-<li>	[http://www.mtroyal.ca/ProgramsCourses/FacultiesSchoolsCentres/HealthCommunityStudies/ Mount Royal University] in Calgary, Alberta also offers a two year diploma in social service work </li> </ul>
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-	One of the most fundamental skills required for a social service worker is communication, including verbal, written and behavioural<ref name= "jobbank" />. When assisting clients, it is important to conduct oneself in a professional manner in how they speak to others, and listen to client concerns in an empathetic and supportive way. It is also important to be aware of non-verbal communication to ensure the client feels supported and their concerns heard. Non-verbal communication can be especially important when working with special populations such as the mentally ill or children. Written communication is especially important when completing intake reports and in assessments where another social service worker, the police or mental health workers may conduct follow-up assessments.
-	A social service worker is often responsible for conducting crisis and/or suicide intervention as well as conflict resolution<ref name= "jobbank" />, thus, it is essential to have skills in these areas. One must practice patience and understanding while keeping an open mind. For example, if working in a homeless shelter, conflicts between residents may occur and it may be within the social service worker’s responsibilities to resolve the problem. To do so, the worker must openly hear both parties and help them find a compromise to the conflict. If working in mental health, it may often be within the social service worker’s responsibility to provide crisis support or suicide intervention. These skills may be developed through certification training programs (see above).
-	Finally, the ability to supervise is often a desirable skill for a social service worker to hold<ref name= "jobbank" />. This is especially important if working with volunteers (e.g., in a non-profit organization) to ensure they are able to meet the expectations of the job. This skill also involves communication abilities including being able to offer constructive criticism and act in an assertive and professional manner.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-	Social service work is a competitive career; many job postings highlight that a diploma in social service work is only one of the suggested diplomas/degrees to have. For example, some jobs recommend other diplomas such as child and youth worker and/or human services worker. Others suggest some university, or require a degree in psychology or a related discipline<ref name= "jobbank" />. Holding an undergraduate degree in psychology can improve one’s resume, or allow a candidate to ask for a higher hiring salary (e.g., if employer offers a range of hiring salary).
-	 The education that one obtains while completing their psychology degree is highly relevant to social service work. It allows for a more thorough understanding of issues related to mental health, child development and understanding current research in the field. Firstly, courses teaching abnormal psychology and mental illnesses provide essential knowledge for social service workers working with the mentally ill. These clients may require community resources, and having an understanding of their mental illness, may aid in one’s ability to assist them. While a social service worker is not responsible for diagnosing<ref name= "CAMH">Centre for Addictions and Mental Health. (2012). Getting an assessment. Retrieved from: 	http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/Pages/home.aspx.</ref>, it is vital they have an understanding of symptoms and possible medications to best protect themselves as well as provide the best care possible to the client. Secondly, having an education in child development is essential when working with youth, especially vulnerable youth (i.e., those in foster care, involved in criminal activity etc.). Understanding how a child ought to develop cognitively, psychologically and socially can help a social service worker know when one is not developing properly. This can allow them to address the issue and provide intervention early. For example, a social service worker employed in a shelter<ref name= "jobbank" /> may find it beneficial to recognize when a child living there with a parent is being negatively affected and intervene early.
-	Finally, as research in the field of social service work is constantly evolving and adapting<ref name= "OCSWSSW" />, it is important one has the knowledge to read and critically analyze publications. As a requirement of an undergraduate degree in psychology is to partake in courses involving statistics and research methodology, this education provides excellent experience for a social service worker. This allows a social service worker to execute best practice methods as they emerge.
-	A degree in psychology prior to completion of a social service worker diploma can improve one’s general knowledge of human behaviour and understanding of research methods, increasing their potential to advance in their class.
-== Salary Potential ==
-	Social service workers earn, on average, $17 an hour, or $33, 000 annually<ref name= "Payscale">PayScale Inc. (2015). Salary data & career research centre (Canada). Retrieved from: 	http://www.payscale.com/?version=header&utm_expid=1482968-11.8K-SZJgeTS-	L8iShJ4AraA.1 </ref>. According to the Canadian Job Bank website<ref name= "jobbank" />, the highest median wages are earned in Nunavut ($28), Yukon ($28), and Northwest Territories ($24), followed by Ontario ($22), and Quebec ($22)<ref name= "jobbank2">Government of Canada (2014). Explore careers by outlooks. Retrieved from: 	http://www.jobbank.gc.ca/wage-outlook_search-	eng.do;jsessionid=26FA68227DC3D845F83EA220F949C216.imnav2?reportOption=outl	ook- </ref>. This wage can vary slightly in rural versus urban areas. Specifically, Canadian Job Bank identifies jobs in urban areas (e.g., Toronto and Ottawa) as offering the highest median wages in Ontario. The lowest median wages are offered in rural areas (e.g., Stratford, Bruce Peninsula) in Ontario. There is a range of wages that can differ in accordance with experience. For example, in the Toronto and Ottawa area, wages can vary from $14 to $34 an hour<ref name= "jobbank2" />.
-== Job outlook ==
-	Jobs in this field are very much dependent on government funding. Job prospects in this field have grown at an average rate, with workers retiring at rate consistent with other related fields<ref>StudentScholarships.org. (2015). Career and salary information. Retrieved from: 	http://www.studentscholarships.org/ </ref>. Areas of social services in mental health, early childhood services, work with the elderly and community outreach are expected to show the greatest growth in Ontario<ref name= "jobbank2" />. According to the Canadian job bank, Quebec shows the greatest job growth in social services. Demand is highest in more urban areas (i.e., those with higher populations), for example, provinces such as New Brunswick and Newfoundland employ less than 2,500 workers in this field, while Ontario has more than 52,000 in the social service worker field<ref name= "jobbank2" />.
-== To know more ==
-<ul>
-<li>	[http://www.ocswssw.org/ The Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers website] provides thorough information regarding regulating this profession as well as ethical information regarding best practice </li>
-<li>	[http://workersunitedunion.ca/our-members/social-service/ Workers United Canada] is a Canadian and American union service which has over 20,000 members. They represent several industries including social services. Their website provides excellent information regarding some potential challenges to the field and those working in it </li>
-<li>	[http://www.ocswssw.org/en/swsswstudent.htm The Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers website] also includes a section for students. It presents testimonies from social workers and social service workers who provide insight into what one might except in this field, in terms of professionalism and why registration to the College is helpful to its members and their clients </li>
-<li>	[http://osswa.ca/ The Ontario Social Service Workers Association] is a voluntary membership association, devoted to supporting these workers and students in this field. Membership allows for access to employment opportunities, current research, workshops and entrance into their annual conference </li> </ul>
-==Notes and References==
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-<references/>
---[[User:Ah07qi|Ah07qi]] 13:12, 18 March 2015 (EDT)
-= Job Title (Lydia Abraham) =
-Registered Marriage and Family Therapist (RMFT)
-== General Overview ==
-	Registered Marriage and Family Therapists (RMFT) goals are to help enrich interpersonal, psychological and emotional relationships between families<ref name="Wiki">Family Therapy. (2015). In Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_therapy.</ref>. This includes relationships between parents, siblings, parents and children, stepparents and children, adoptive parents and children’s relationships and couples. They focus on decreasing catalysts in relationships and increasing the positive attributes of it<ref name="Wiki" />.  They study individuals’ feelings, their interactions/ communication with one another and factors (e.g., friends) that contribute to their marriage or family problems. The end goal is to create a more agreeable family unit<ref name="Wiki" />.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-	Some job duties and responsibilities that RMFT have are meeting with individual people or family units to examine and discuss the issues surrounding their marriage and family problems<ref name="Wiki" />. They provide counseling and therapy, through structural therapy, strategic therapy, systematic/ milan therapy, narrative therapy, reality therapy, and transgenerational therapy. Other techniques that are used are relationship counseling and systemic coaching<ref name="Wiki" />. They also collect information about individuals, marriages, and family units through self-report questionnaires, interviews, and formal assessments<ref name="EducPort">Educational Portal. (n.d.). Family therapist: Job description, duties, and requirements. Retrieved from http://educationportal.com/article/Family_Therapist_Job_Description_Duties_Requirements.html.</ref>. Sometimes the RMFT may need to talk to individuals outside of convenient work hours if there is an emergency at work or at home. RMFTs also may develop treatment plans for individuals or a family unit during and post-therapy. The goal here is to improve interpersonal relationships, communication skills, and increase stability and happiness in marriages and families<ref name="EducPort" />.
-''Therapy definitions:''
-*''Structural therapy – therapist addresses the issues within a family and reorganizes the structure of the family.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-*''Strategic therapy – therapist looks at how the family interacts with one another.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-*''Systemic/ Milan therapy – therapist looks at family members’ belief systems.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-*''Narrative therapy – therapist focuses and studies the dominant problem in the family, and how it can separated from the family unit.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-*''Reality therapy – therapists focus on realism, responsibility and right-and wrong.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-*''Transgenerational therapy – therapist looks at the unhealthy patterns of belief, behaviour and interactions.''<ref name="Wiki" />
-== Typical workday ==
-	A typical day for a RMFT would start around 8-9am<ref name="Shmoop">Shmoop. (n.d.). Marriage and family therapist. Retrieved from http://www.shmoop.com/careers/marriage-and-family-therapist/typical-day.html.</ref>. It would start with seeing his/ her first patient around 8:30-9:30am, giving them time to look over case files and prepare for their upcoming appointment. Usually RMFT and their patients will meet once/twice a week. This will last for several weeks or even months. The amount of time is dependent on each case, how severe it is, and what problems and improvements need to be implemented<ref name="Shmoop" />.
-	RMFTs appointments throughout the day will differ from one another but will always surround issues involving couples and families<ref name="Shmoop" />. For example, an RMFTs first appointment could be about a strained parent-child relationship. The second appointment around could be about a couple who just got married and are already fighting significantly. In all of these cases, the RMFT will ask them questions that address their underlying issues. Eventually as the RMFT learns more about their problems, he or she will start to address how to resolve these problems, and maybe even discuss treatment plans. The RMFT will take a lunch around 12pm to 1pm. Around 5 or 6pm, after all of his/ her daily appointments are complete, the therapist will go home<ref name="Shmoop" />.
-	The RMFTs offices are usually very quiet<ref name="Florida">Florida Health Careers. (2009). Mental Health Professionals. Retrieved from http://www.flahec.org/hlthcareers/MARRIAGE.HTM.</ref>. This is required so that they maintain a professional work environment. It is also important so that both the RMFT and his/ her patients can communicate without increasing their voices. The therapist office will also be restrictive with the individuals that work there. This is because they are dealing with confidential information. Therefore, they will not have individuals walking in and out of their office all day. Some RMFTs will have a receptionist if they work in a private practice (separate from their home), but many therapists also have work offices attached to their homes and in their homes<ref name="Florida" />.
-	It is also important to note that RMFTs do not have a “busy season”<ref name="Shmoop" />. RMFTs are constantly busy because there are always individuals, couples and families that need and want therapy and counseling. Therefore, there is not a particular month that is busier than the other. Therefore, RMFTs are busy year round. However, RMFTs that work in cities will be busier just because it is centered in a more hectic and chaotic environment<ref name="Shmoop" />.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-	RMFTs are required to have an undergraduate degree related to the field of marriage and family therapy, for example, it can be psychology, social work or nursing<ref name="oamft">OAMFT. (n.d.). Professional Training. Retrieved from http://www.oamft.com/professional-training.</ref>. Secondly, it is required that RMFTs complete their masters or doctoral degree in a related field, preferably in therapy. RMFTs might also take some additional courses and programs in order to become an RMFT. This depends on what they did their masters in, and how much experience they have in therapy thus far. Once this is complete, RMFTs are required to have a minimum of two years and 1000 hours of therapy that is supervised by qualified professionals. Then they will be considered a Registered Marriage and Family Therapist of Canada, and will be considered a part of the Ontario Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (OAMFT). Certain schools (such as Guelph University) also provide RMFTs with a membership to the Canadian division of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy after completing their masters in couples and family therapy (MSc)<ref name="oamft" />.
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-	Some skills that are extremely important for RMFTs to have are: communication, problem solving and active listening<ref>My Majors. (n.d.). Marriage and family therapist career. Retrieved from https://www.mymajors.com/career/marriage-and-family-therapists/skills/</ref>. Firstly, communication is needed for RMFTs because they are interacting with many diverse people daily. These people have different backgrounds, different temperaments and different beliefs. Therefore, being able to communicate with individuals and covey information or thoughts efficiently is extremely important. What comes hand in hand with communication is being respectful. To be a RMFT, you need to be respectful of diverse other’s views.
-	Secondly, problem solving is required to be a RMFT. This is because RMFTs need to identify complex problems, review related information, research activities or treatments that can conclude and solve problems, and read about alternative solutions. This is because individuals are seeking the RMFTs help in order to help them with their family problem. Therefore, being skilled in problem solving is an absolute necessity for RMFTs.
-	Thirdly, active listening is also required to be a RMFT. Being able to communicate and solve patient’s problems all stem from being an active listener. An RMFT cannot do their job if they do not listen to family members speak and listen to how they communicate with one other. An RMFT needs to give their patients their full attention to understand what is trying to be communicated, to ask appropriate questions and to take efficient notes so they can review them later. It is also important to actively listen and not interrupt at inappropriate times. Sometimes the strongest thing an RMFT can do is just actively listen and observe what the family dynamic is like.
-https://www.mymajors.com/career/marriage-and-family-therapists/skills/
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-	Psychology is a fundamental field in therapy. Firstly, therapy in general was invented by one of the founding fathers of Psychology, Mr. Sigmund Freud. He specifically developed therapeutic techniques like free association. There are many different fields of therapy in psychology. Marriage and family therapy specifically, is a type of psychological counseling. To be more specific though, in psychology you learn about theories such as attachment security (which is related to felt security and the exploratory behaviour system), personality characteristics (being more shy versus being more outgoing), the Big Five factors (e.g., extraversion versus introversion), classical and operant conditioning, parenting styles (e.g., authoritarian, authoritative and permissive), Erikson’s psychological development theory and much more. Therefore, an individual’s behaviour is not the result of one influence, but is a combination of many influences.
-For example, a newlywed couple wants help from an RMFT because they have been fighting significantly. The husband says that when his wife is stressed or angry with other people she takes her frustration out on him. The wife behaving this way, could be a result individual characteristics, what she observed while growing up with her parents, her attachment style (is she insecurely attached?) and/ or her temperament. There are many social, developmental and personality characteristics that can contribute to this behaviour. This is why it is extremely important for RMFT to have a background in psychology, because it is the foundation of everything they are trying to help their patients with. They have to be familiar with psychological research to know and help their parents. Going back to the newlywed couple, the RMFT might suggest different tactics regarding her attachment style or her temperament to change her behaviour. Therefore, in order to do this properly, he/ she will need to know the psychological literature extremely well.
-== Salary potential ==
-	The data for RMFTs salaries was last updated in 2013. The salary ranges from low, median, to high wage<ref name="Living">Living in Canada. (2013). Family, marriage and other related counselors salary canada. Retrieved from http://www.livingin-canada.com/salaries-for-family-marriage-and-other-related-counsellors.html.</ref>. In Ontario, specifically Toronto, low wages for RMFTs are $17.35, median= $27.78, and high= $38.81 per hour. In a smaller city like Ottawa the salaries are: low= $16.00, median= $23.69 and high= $33.19 per hour. In cities like Kitchener, Waterloo and Barrie the salaries are: low= $16.66, median= $25.59 and high= $35.95 per hour. In cities outside of Ontario like Edmonton salaries for RMFTs are: low= $18.00, median= $30.57 and high= $41.54 per hour. In Vancouver and Lower Mainland Southwest salaries are: low= $18.00, median= $32.31 and high= $40.87 per hour. This, therefore, shows us that the salaries do change depending on the city that you live in. The RMFTs in bigger cities seem to have a slight pay increase (e.g. Toronto, Edmonton, and Vancouver). However, the smaller cities and towns seem to be getting slightly less e.g. Kitchener, Waterloo and Barrie<ref name="Living" />.
-== Job outlook ==
-	Trinity Western University in British Columbia stated that marriage and family therapists are going to be more in demand and the salary for this profession will continue to grow<ref name="Trinity">Trinity Western University. (2011). Marriage and family therapist reported one of best careers for 2011. Retrieved from http://twu.ca/news/2011/006-best-careers.html.</ref>. As per their data, this profession is expected to rise 14% from 2008 to 2018. They discovered that 1.8 million people receive therapy for marriage and family problems in 2011 and this number is supposed to increase <ref name="Trinity" />. The YMCA of Hamilton, Burlington and Brantford, however, stated in 2014 that marriage and family therapists will rise 40% through 2020<ref name="YMCA">My Dream Life. (2014). Where will jobs be in 2020?. Retrieved from http://mydreamlife.ca/news.</ref>. This is because mental health is starting to be recognized as a field of importance.
-Therefore, even though the data comes from different provinces, they still support the idea that marriage and family therapists are going to be more in demand in the future<ref name="YMCA" />. The YMCA predicted a 40% increase compared to the 14% increase the British Columbia, because the Hamilton, Burlington and Brantford are all closer to Toronto. This would support the idea that marriage and family therapists in bigger cities will make more money than therapists smaller cities.
-== To know more ==
-*http://www.oamft.com/
-This is a link for the Ontario Association for Marriage and Family Therapists (OAMFT) website. It provides information about what they do, who they are, and the names and numbers of the closest therapists.
-*http://www.marriageandfamily.ca/?ww_pageID=953DEAF7-1372-5A65-3B4C7C0D5428C5BF
-This is a link for the Registry of the Marriage and Family Therapists in Canada. This provides the names of individuals who are part of the registry. It provides information about what RMFTs do, and how to become an RMFT.
---[[User:La10vg|La10vg]] 19:57, 19 March 2015 (EDT)
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Job Title (Manraj Sidhu) =
-Travel Consultant
-== General Overview ==
-A travel consultant considers information about geography, tourism, management, and psychology in order to provide consultation or advice about travel to clients. Information about domestic and international geography is considered for marketing or selling travel destinations, understanding domestic or world time zones, understanding various modes of transportation, understanding different currencies, planning travel documents, and understanding maps. Information about tourism is required to organize or operate visits to places or countries. Information about management is required to deal with decision-making processes that are related to components of travel. Information about psychology is considered alongside management in order to develop strategies for effective decision-making processes within the working environment.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-A travel consultant incorporates knowledge about geography, tourism, management, and psychology into travel services. A travel consultant provides consultation or advice about travel to clients. A travel consultant also organizes and plans vacations for clients. Cooperation is required to deal with clients, and determine needs related to place of interest, procedures of transportation, accommodations, and travel costs. Organization of information is required for planning services that are related to tourism or travel. A travel consultant organizes insurance plans, accommodations plans, and transportation plans. Provision of information that is relevant to specific accommodations, transportation, and insurance should be available for clients through effective communication procedures. These effective communication procedures require information to be presented through publications such as maps, domestic or international rules and regulations, guides, and important events. Travel consultants also deal with issues related to travel. Preparation of promotional material such as travel publications is essential because it enables marketing and selling of travel plans. A travel consultant is required to enter information about travel services and clients on specific software. Cooperation with other travel consultants in an effective working environment is considered. Statistical and financial information is managed and maintained for effective selling practices or provision of advice to clients.
-== Typical Workday ==
-A typical workday in a travel agency is like a regular work day that ranges from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm in an office. Time varies according to demand. Some travel agencies extend working hours up to 8:00 pm. Peak seasons range from middle of December to the first week of January. Low seasons range from middle of April to middle of June. Demand for travel services varies across the year. A travel consultant meets clients, provides advice, makes reservations for clients, and handles transactions. Data entry into a specific software ensures statistical and financial information is stored effectively. Calls are made to deal with reservations, clients, and other tourist organizations. Some days require attending seminar on travel services.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-Experience may be required. Fluency in English and excellent communication skills are required. Fluency in other languages is considered an asset. An ability to communicate and interact with clients and travel organizations is required. Knowledge about domestic and international customs, rules, regulations, and travel trends is required. A Bachelors degree in Tourism, Business, or relevant field is considered an asset. The Travel Industry Council of Ontario (TICO) Certificate is required in order to be a certified travel consultant within Ontario. The provinces in Canada abide by different regulations and certification. In the province of British Columbia, individual licences are not required when working under a licenced travel agency. In the province of Ontario, a registered licence is obtained from The Travel Industry Council of Ontario. This licence is then renewed on a yearly basis. The fees for renewal of licence depends on volume of sales. The following links provide information that is relevant with regard to educational requirements and other qualifications.
-*www.tico.com
-*www.ehow.com/how_6790222_become_travel_agent-ontario_-canada.html
-*www.acta.ca/full-time-ontario
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-Strong selling strategies, management, teamwork, cooperation, learning, and applying new information, and effective communication are required for the job. Strong selling strategies are applied when marketing the various travel plans to clients. These selling strategies include knowledge about affiliated travel organizations, and knowledge about client behaviour. Management refers to the process of dealing with other travel consultants and affiliated travel organizations. Effective and efficient decision-making should be considered when engaging in discussion such as how travel plans should be improved. Teamwork refers to the combined effort of the travel consultant and other organizations that deal with travel plans in order to establish effective and efficient services for clients. Cooperation is required in terms of making reservations with tourist organizations. Knowledge about various countries  or places should be incorporated into the marketing of travel plans. Effective communication is required with regard to establishing a network with other tourist organizations and clients. An ability to enter data in a specific software is required in order to maintain statistical and financial information. An interest in domestic and international geography is considered as an asset because knowledge is incorporated into marketing travel plans, providing consultation or advice to clients, and building a network with tourist organizations around the world.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-A psychology undergraduate degree enables an individual to obtain transferable skills. Transferable skills involve analysis of information, evaluating statistical information, effective communication skills, and provision of advice related to relevant information. Analysis of information allows one to incorporate needs of clients to specific travel services. Evaluating statistical information is studies in a psychology undergraduate degree. An understanding of statistics can be incorporated in a working environment to identify and apply effective strategies or patterns that are related to travel services. Effective communication skills are established through a psychology degree. These communication skills are obtained through interactions in seminars, and through writing assignments or essays. Provision of relevant advice is learned through analyzing and evaluating information in courses related to psychology. Electives provide transferable skills. An elective in geography, business, and tourism enables an understanding of other fields that can be used by a travel consultant.
-== Salary Potential ==
-Annual employment income in the year 2005 was $29673 for 55 percent of individuals who worked full-time (Service Canada, Government of Canada). Salary rates depend on various factors such as decisions made by air carriers or other travel organizations, and events that impact countries or places.
-== Job Outlook ==
-The projected demand of this job is moderate. The demand depends on qualifications and experience. Specialization in specific accommodations is considered significant. Job outlook depends on quantity of required advice and travel demands. Since consumers are turning to the internet, the job outlook is not considered in a positive way.
-== To know more ==
-*http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6431.shtml
-*www.acta.ca/full-time-ontario
-*www.ehow.com/how_6790222_become_travel_agent-ontario_-canada.html
-*www.tico.ca
-== Notes and References ==
-.Consumer Protection BC. Retrieved February 13, 2015, from http://www.consumerprotectionbc.ca/businesses-travel-services-home/do-i-need-a-licence
-.Travel Industry Council of Ontario. (n.d.). Retrieved February 14, 2015, from http://www.tico.ca/
-.Travel Counsellors. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6431.shtml
-= Job Title [Nicole Joseph] =
-Animal Trainer
-== General Overview ==
-Animal trainers are needed to teach animals and humans techniques to gain desired responses from animals in certain situations. This career requires people to work with animals to train them in areas of obedience, disability aides, competitive competitions, security and entertainment shows <ref name= "O*N"> O*NET (2015), Summary Report for: 39-2011.00- Animal trainers. Retrieved from http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/39-2011.00</ref> .Trainers can work with animals of all shapes and sizes and these animals can be domesticated wild or exotic. Animal trainers have been needed since animals have been domesticated; they teach animals basic skills, such as stopping them from urinating on furniture to more needed benefits, such as protection or sighted guides for people with disabilities.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-Animal Trainers are responsible for creating programs that allow for teaching and maintaining desired behaviours in animals. They do this by creating cues or signals for the animals to learn, and provide additional care for specific breeds of animals. They also need to be aware of any conditions the animal may be suffering from that would prevent learning, as well as needing to know the optimal conditions for learning skills and teaching behaviours. Animal trainers need to work well with animals as well as with people. They need to be able to clearly articulate information to owners. It is their responsibility to observe the animals’ behaviour and identify changes that need to be made and how to make those changes. They need to also be able to give accurate advice to the animal's owners and may need the skill of patience; teaching or changing behaviours requires repetition and continuous interaction<ref name= "O*N" />.
-== Typical Workday ==
-An average work day for a trainer can start with the following steps but it is important to note that repeat clients may not need to be assessed then reassessed, they could continue from any previous step they accomplished and return to that step if their training technique did not work. To start, a trainer must speak to the client about what behaviours they want their animal to learn or to change then they must meet and become familiar to the animal and assess them. This means they look at their background and physical situation for any additional information as well as if training can be done in a healthy, safe way. The trainer then must take time to study their behaviour and create a plan or program to change that behaviour. They will share that information with the client and from there they will either continue to train the animal or will supervise the client training their animal. Changing behaviour could take as little as a day or months to complete. A typical full time work day for trainers working within companies is usually an average 8 hour between 9am-9pm, Individuals who are applying to these positions should be aware that they are not always between 9am-5pm and may take longer depending on how difficult a client is to train.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-There are no specific certifications or education needed to be an animal trainer. However, a skilled trainer should have background knowledge in behaviour and learning. They should know classical and operant conditioning, reinforcement, punishment, habituation, sensitization, blocking, motivation, and emotional responses for both animals and humans. They should also know the animal’s specific needs and characteristics, this could involve learning differences in breeds, body language, social signs, fixed action patterns, mating patterns, development, genetics and influences the environment has on their behaviour<ref name= "Trainer ">The Association of Professional Dog Trainers (2015), So you want to be a Dog Trainer, Retrieved from https://apdt.com/trainers/career/</ref> . There are some schools dedicated to animal training but it is not a requirement for any job placements. A typical job posting requires an individual to have 1-2 years work experience but it’s not always necessary for that experience to be with animals. Pet Smart and Sea World trains their groomers and trainers but prefers to find individuals who already have some experience in the area they are applying for.
-Here are a couple resources if you are looking to become educated in how to train animals (it is not required):
-http://www.ontariocolleges.ca/SearchResults/AGRICULTURE-ANIMAL-RELATED-PRACTICES-ANIMAL-CARE/_/N-lqgg
-http://www.animalbehaviorcollege.com/dogtrainerprogram/?id=5255
-http://seaworld.org/en/animal-info/animal-infobooks/animal-training/
-http://www.cappdt.ca/public/jpage/1/p/BecomingATrainer/content.do
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-Animal trainers need excellent communication skills and a great deal of patience. They need to be able to work as a team or by themselves and have to be able to handle working with difficult or stubborn animals<ref name= "Career Dog ">Career National Career Service, Assistance dog trainer (2015), Retrieved from https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/assistancedogtrainer.aspx</ref> . They need to show initiative and problem solving in high stress situations. It may require the trainer to be physically fit, many positions involve outdoor activities or physically demanding training programs<ref name= "Career Dog " /> <ref name= "Canada Animal "> Government of Canada (2015), Job Posting: Dog Handler (Dog Handler/Cleaner part time), Retrieved from http://www.jobbank.gc.ca/jobposting.do?searchstring=dog+handler&action=Search&id=15608861&source=searchresults</ref> .Animal trainers need to be able to handle any response that comes from the animal they are training; this could include vomiting and unwarranted waste excretions.  Lastly, trainers need to be able to handle difficult human and animal clients and their human clients may refuse to listen or may hinder the training of their animals.
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate degree ==
-Animal training requires understanding and interpreting animal and human behaviour. A psychology Undergraduate degree would provide the necessary background information in making this a successful career. This degree teaches you the basics of conditioning and conditioning strategies, motivation, differences in learning and understanding. It teaches you the basics in how to motivate and handle individuals and can teach you how to counsel others. It can teach you differences in personality, interests, ability and performance. It can also teach you the basics in disorders and research methods. Lastly, this degree teaches techniques in leadership and planning. All of these skills are used often in animal training. Brock University offers many courses on learning, perception, brain and behaviour, abnormal behaviour, understanding data, statistics, etc. Animal trainers may need to look up data on different breeds and this career helps them decide which data is appropriate and reliable and their psychology knowledge could show them how to use that knowledge<ref name= "O*N" />.
-== Salary potential ==
-Wages vary depending on location and skill of the trainer. The average salary for domesticated animal training could be anywhere between 25,000 dollars- 40,000 dollars annually<ref name= "O*N" /><ref name= "G.A.W"> Government of Canada (2015), Job Posting: Animal Care Worker (Except Farm) (Zookeeper/Animal Trainer), Retrieved from http://www.jobbank.gc.ca/jobposting.do?searchstring=Animal+Trainer&button.submit=Search&id=15980399&source=searchresults </ref> <ref name= "Groomers"> Government of Canada (2015), Pet Groomers and Animal Care Workers, Retrieved from http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6483.shtml#stats </ref>. per full time position. The average salary is in the 30,000 dollar range for a skilled, successful trainer. A successful trainer requires having impressive, accurate references and demonstrates skilled training for a variety of animals. The part time positions usually involve more animal care than animal training so the salary is roughly 10,000 dollars annually<ref name= "Canada Animal" />. The salary depends largely on the skill of the trainer and the animal they are training<ref name= "Lions"> Inside Jobs (2015), Lion Trainer, Retrieved from http://www.insidejobs.com/careers/lion-trainer</ref> . Exotic animal trainers in the United States have a slightly higher salary of between 30,000- 54,000 dollars<ref name= "Whale"> Candace Whiting, Want to be a Whale Trainer? What your life is worth, Part two (2015), Seattlepi, Retrieved from http://blog.seattlepi.com/candacewhiting/2011/11/13/want-to-be-a-whale-trainer-what-your-life-is-worth-part-two/ </ref> .
-== Job outlook ==
-The number of animals being used for services and the number of pet owners have increased over the last few years; because of this more animal trainers are needed for both basic training and service training. This number is likely to continue to grow because of the continually growing population. With the population increasing more people will be adopting and caring for more pets and that will require additional pet needs<ref name= "Groomers" />.
-== To know more ==
-http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/39-2011.00 provides a detailed summary report of what skills are needed to have a successful career as an animal trainer.
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Job Title (Lynsay Jopson) =
-	Personal Support Worker (PSW)
-== General Overview ==
-Personal Support Workers play an important role in private, group living and facility-based settings. They work in hospitals and care facilities including long- term care, private homes or community care homes <ref name= "Health Professions">Health Professions. (2015). The Regulation of Personal Support Workers, What is a Personal Support Worker? Retrieved on February 11, 2015 from http://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/common/ministry/publications/reports/personal_support_workers/personal_support_workers.pdf </ref>. Interaction with the PSW may affect the clients daily functioning and overall wellness. Personal Support Workers provide very supportive person-centered care which varies across the lifespan and range from individual to family care. When caring for a patient a PSW would assist with personal care including bathing, getting dressed and they would also assist with outside recreational activities <ref name= "Health Professions" />. The PSW would take note of the daily activities for each patient and report any changes in the patient’s behaviour.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-Some jobs and responsibilities of a Personal Support Worker include <ref name= "National Academy of Health and Business"> National Academy of Health and Business,(2015) Personal Support Worker Jobs. Retrieved on February 10, 2015 from http://www.nahb.ca/health-care-training/personal-support-worker-jobs </ref> :
-*Reporting changes in the client’s behaviour to the appropriate member of the healthcare team
-*Assisting in complete personal care which would involve helping with toileting, bathing and perineal care
-*Assisting the individual with eating, dressing and grooming
-*Cleaning or sterilizing equipment
-*Serving meals
-*Assisting clients with outside recreational activities
-*Patient watch for patients in clinical care setting
-*Documentation of Activities of Daily Living
-== Typical Workday ==
-A Personal Support worker, the individual has to be flexible when it comes to the hours of work. The shifts can occur during days, evenings, nights and weekends. Also depending on the type of PSW the individual is they may be on call at all times. <ref> Online Personal Support Worker Resource Centre (2013) Personal Support Worker Job Description. Retrieved on February 8, 2015 from http://personalsupportworkerhq.com/job-description/ </ref> The type of clients or patients that the individual would be working with will depend on the type of PSW they are, long-term care, community care, hospitals or private care. If the individual is working in hospital settings or with a private client, they may need to try and accommodate the family as well as making sure the client’s needs are taken care of. Depending on whether the PSW has more than one client/patient booked for one day, they may have to plan their day strategically to allow themselves enough time to arrive where they need to be in an orderly fashion. Depending on whether the PSW is working with a patient who is in long-term or short-term care, the job duties for them can vary. If it is a short-term care the PSW may just help with small things such as preparing medication, helping them with dressing and bathing. <ref name= "Government Canada"> Government Canada (2015).  Home support workers, housekeepers and related occupations. Retrieved on March 21, 2015 from http://www5.hrsdc.gc.ca/NOC/English/NOC/2011/QuickSearch.aspx?val65=4412 </ref> Whereas if they are working with patients who are long-term they may do a little more work around the house such as laundry, dishes and making their beds. <ref name= "Government Canada"/> The PSW may spend more quality time with the patient if they do not have a strong family/friend support system.
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-If interested in applying to a college PSW program there are some high school requirements. Some schools require more classes than others, but requirements are generally similar. It is important to double check the required courses.
-The high school courses that are needed include <ref name= "Conestoga">Conestoga (2015) Personal Support Worker. Retrieved on February 11, 2015 from http://www.conestogac.on.ca/fulltime/1165.jsp </ref> &  <ref name= "Niagara College"> Niagara College, (2015). Personal Support Worker. Retrieved on February 11, 2015 from http://www.niagaracollege.ca/content/Programs/FulltimeStudies/HealthStudies/PersonalSupportWorker.aspx#adreq </ref> & <ref name= "Sheridan"> Sheridan College (2015). Personal Support Worker. Retrieved on February 11, 2015 from https://www.sheridancollege.ca/academics/programs-and-courses/personal-support-worker.aspx </ref> :
-*Ontario Secondary School Diploma or Equivalent (Mature student status)
-*English: Any grade 12 (college or university) or an equivalent
-*Mathematics: Any grade 11 (college or university) or an equivalent
-*Biology- grade 11 (college or university)
-In addition to admission requirements, many schools have specific program requirements that include <ref name= "Conestoga" /> & <ref name= "Niagara College" /> & <ref name= "Sheridan" /> :
-*Criminal Screening/ Criminal Reference Check
-*Police Check for Vulnerable Sector Screening, completed annually
-*Completed immunization records
-*Standard First Aid and CPR
-*Communicable Disease Surveillance form
-*Responsible for own transportation to complete their field placement requirements
-Once the certificate/diploma has been achieved, many employers look for previous experience with working with the type of individuals that you are looking to work with. It would be beneficial to obtain some volunteer hours in the area of interest.
-In Ontario, a PSW must complete a program that meets one of the following three- educational standards <ref name= "CUPE Research" > CUPE Research (2012). Submission regarding Personal Support Worker Educational standards in Ontario. Retrieved on March 21, 2015 from http://www.cupe.on.ca/a4917/Submission%20on%20Personal%20Support%20Worker%20educational%20standards%20in%20Ontario.pdf </ref>
-*Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities PSW vocational standard
-*National Association of Career Colleges standards
-*Ontario Community Support Associations standards
-Where as in Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan and British Columbia along with other provinces have standardized PSW programs that have a set number of hours needed between the classroom and lab/practicum <ref name= "CUPE Research" />.
-The National Associations program is starting at the national level to promote standardization of a PSW curriculum. The international program includes approximately 100hours, 800 of study and 200 of internship <ref name= "CUPE Research" />
-Some schools that offer courses to obtain a Personal Support Worker certificate include:
-*[http://www.conestogac.on.ca/fulltime/1165.jsp Conestoga]
-*[http://www.niagaracollege.ca/content/Programs/FulltimeStudies/HealthStudies/PersonalSupportWorker.aspx#adreq Niagara College]
-*[https://www.sheridancollege.ca/academics/programs-and-courses/personal-support-worker.aspx Sheridan College]
-== Related Skills, Interest, Abilities ==
-Employers look for efficient communication and written abilities in prospective employees <ref name= "Sheridan" /> . The employers want you to be able to verbally communicate well with the clientele along with being able to clearly summarize the tasks that you have completed for specific patients/clients at the end of your shift.  Being energetic would be a valuable skill. Having the ability to keep the mood light and happy while working with individuals could change the outlook of their day.  Depending on the type of individuals being worked with, having a good deal of patience could become a virtue. There is the possibility that the clients/patients may not be as cooperative as you would hope them to be. Some employers also look to see if you are able to cook or prepare snacks/meals for the patients/clients.
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-Having a psychology undergraduate degree has some benefits to working as a personal support worker. Some courses that have the potential to give the worker an advantage. If the PSW works with patients who are of an older age, a course on Psychology of Aging would be helpful. This courses gives you an overview of the issues that may arise during late adulthood, along with how physiological, social and cognitive factors play a role in how these older adults cope with difficult tasks <ref name= "Brock Undergraduate Calendar"> Brock Undergraduate Calendar, 2014-2015, (2014). Psychology. Retrieved on February 10, 2015 from, http://www.brocku.ca/webcal/2014/undergrad/psyc.html#PSYC_3P19 </ref> . If the individual is working with a cliental group that needs support in areas of well-being and functioning, a course on Positive psychology would increase the knowledge of positive experiences. This course has the possibility to be incorporated with encouraging the cliental group to view their life in a positive way, and to update their understanding of information about optimal human functioning <ref name= "Brock Undergraduate Calendar" /> . Health psychology would be an optimal course to take if the individual was working with patients who are wanting to increase their health and fight through their illnesses <ref name= "Brock Undergraduate Calendar" />. This course looks at how behaviours, social contexts and attitudes have the ability to influence our psychological processes and our overall health.
-Some courses that are available at Niagara College that would be beneficial for potential students would be Supportive Care. In this course the student would learn about providing and planning to give the families and clients the best support <ref name= "Niagara College" /> . When interacting with clients and their families it will be important for the PSW to be able to communicate what is being documented and how to document what they have been told. Communication in Healthcare would be beneficial to improve necessary written communication through reviewing grammar, writing mechanics and organization of documents <ref name= "Niagara College" > .
-== Salary Potential ==
-In Toronto a PSW earns an average wage of $14.72 per hour. Pay rate for this job does not generally change once experience is gained. Individuals who have a significant amount of experience only earn a bit more than those who do not have much. The hourly rate can range from $11.69-19.14 with overtime starting at $0.49- 28.21 <ref name= "Pay Scale"> PayScale Human Capital (2014). Personal Support Worker Salary in Toronto, Ontario. Retrieved on February 8, 2015 from http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Personal_Support_Worker_(PSW)/Hourly_Rate/b91a7e47/Toronto-ON </ref> . At the end of the year a PSW can earn anywhere from $24,153- 40,524. The national average of yearly salary is $31, 441.
-The pay scale has the potential to differ depending on the location the individual is working in. Though if working in Ottawa 2% increase, Guelph 2% increase, London is 0%, Hamilton is 1% decrease, Toronto 2% decrease and Kitchener is a 4% decrease from the average pay scale <ref> PayScale Human Capital (2015). Personal Support Worker Salary in Canada, Pay Difference by Location. Retrieved on February 8, 2015 from http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Personal_Support_Worker_(PSW)/Hourly_Rate </ref> .
-== Job Outlook ==
-Across the country PSW are in high demand due to the increasingly aging population and this is set to continue <ref name= "National Academy of Health and Business" /> . Employment for PSW is suggested to increase by approximately 51% over the next couple years until the year 2020 <ref> Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012). Personal Support Worker Job Outlook. Retrieved on March 21, 2015 from http://tradeschoolworld.com/psw-jobs-outlook.php </ref>.
-== To Know More ==
-*[http://www.countyofrenfrew.on.ca/_documents/human-resources/jobdescriptions/BM_PSW.pdf Example of a job description for a Personal Support Worker]
-*[http://www.osillainstitute.com/what-is-psw What is a Personal Support Worker?]
-*[http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Personal_Support_Worker_(PSW)/Hourly_Rate Canadian Pay Scale]
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Job title (Maddy Schaap) =
-Project Manager
-== General overview ==
-Project managers are self-motivated, task-oriented individuals that use their knowledge and expertise to complete projects successfully, on time, and within budget. They are responsible for planning, designing, managing, and closing projects<ref name= "Haughey"> Haughey, D. (2015). The Role of the Project Manager. ProjectSmart. Retrieved February 11, 2015, from http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/the-role-of-the-project-manager.php </ref>. Project managers are found in many different industries, such as construction, architecture, engineering, public, and health services. They typically work in group environments, are comfortable with change, and are good team leaders.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-There are many duties and responsibilities that a project manager is expected to complete. One responsibility involves planning and organizing project assignments. In this case, project managers must design a work plan, budget the time and costs that will go into the project, as well as clarify the project scope and requirements that need to be met. Project managers must work well with other team members, demonstrate leadership, and motivate others. They are responsible for making decisions that benefit the project, and allowing all team members to express their ideas and concerns<ref name= "Haughey" />. Clear and open communication is necessary in order to avoid any risks and uncertainty. Project managers are responsible for recognizing risks, removing obstacles, and managing unexpected issues or difficulties effectively.  They are responsible for creating schedules, and documenting project progression<ref name= "Haughey" />. When reviewing the project, project managers must make sure the project is completed on time, within the budget, and that it meets or exceeds expectations. Project success depends on the project manager and their abilities to monitor, manage, and complete project tasks effectively and on time.
-== Typical workday ==
-Project managers typically work Monday to Friday and between the hours of 9:00am-5:00pm. Depending on the circumstances, they may work overtime or on weekends to meet project demands or deadlines. Project managers tend to work in office environments but may be required to work at a client’s office <ref>Project Management Professional (PMP). (2015). Project Management Institute. Retrieved February 11, 2015, from http://www.pmi.org/Certification/Project-ManagementProfessional-PMP.aspx</ref>.  It is not uncommon that project managers hold and attend meetings with other team members to assess project development. Meetings may include discussing short term and long term goals, any changes that may have occurred, and/or barriers to overcome. Project managers typically follow a schedule and are aware of what needs to be completed for the upcoming month in order to keep tasks moving forward. Project managers are constantly communicating with other people, and making sure that tasks will be completed on time <ref>Beard, M. (2011).  A Day in the Life of a Project Manager. Project Management Times. Retrieved, February 12, 2015, from http://www.projecttimes.com/articles/a-day-in-the-life-of-a-program-manager.html</ref>.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-In order to become a qualified project manager, one can complete the Project Management Professional (PMP) certification. The PMP is globally the most recognized certification and demonstrates the individual’s education and experience in managing projects. In order to apply for the PMP, one must either have a high school diploma with at least five years (approximately 7,500 hours) of experience in leading projects, OR a four year bachelor’s degree with about three years (approximately 4,500 hours) of experience in leading projects. If these requirements are met, one can apply for the PMP and take the exam. For more information on preparing for the PMP exam visit: http://www.pmi.org/Certification/Project-Management-Professional-PMP.aspx
-For university graduates, Sheridan College and Humber College offer a one year Project Management program that provides students with the necessary skills of a project manager, and prepares students for the PMP exam. These programs require the completion of a Bachelor’s degree, and a degree in Psychology or Business can be seen as useful when considering Project Management. For more information on the courses provided visit:
-Sheridan College: https://www.sheridancollege.ca/academics/programs-and-courses/project-management.aspx (Co-op Available)
-Humber College: https://www.humber.ca/program/project-management
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-*Problem solving skills: Issues can arise in any project and project managers must be able to recognize and solve problems fast and efficiently. They must also remain calm under pressure and stressful events.
-*Leadership skills: Project management typically requires working with other individuals. They must assign roles to all members in the groups, and maintain the team’s confidence in their abilities to reach their goals.
-*Good communication skills: Communication is required between the project manager and team of employees. All individuals must clearly understand the goal and their roles in order to reach the goal. Maintaining an open relationship with other employees enables trustworthiness, and confidence that can increase productiveness in the group.
-== Relevance of psychology undergraduate degree ==
-Given the fact that Project Managers are constantly working with people in team oriented environments, psychology could be seen as a relevant program. Social psychology is useful for understanding how human’s work together, and how projects are being managed under group settings. Each person that plays a role in managing a project is also unique, therefore personality psychology could be useful for understanding individual characteristics and assigning roles to persons in a group. Furthermore, Positive psychology could be helpful because it can improve work environments simply by being positive. For example, optimism may assist Project Managers because they may undergo a lot of change that can be stressful at times and holding a positive outlook may help look past any obstacles. Knowledge on stress and coping methods is also useful in project management and can be taught in Health Psychology. Project management can be stressful at times of getting projects done on time, or on budget. It is important that these individuals cope with stress in positive ways in order to maintain good health.
-== Salary potential ==
-According to PayScale, 2015, the average salary for a certified project manager with less than one year of experience is $59,997, whereas one with 20 years of experience or more makes $112, 495 on average <ref>Hourly Rate for Certification: Project Management Professional (PMP). (2015). PayScale. Retrieved February 12, 2015, from http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Certification=Project_Management_Professional(PMP/Hourly_Rate#by_Job</ref>. The salary for a Project Manager can also vary depending on the industry one is working in, the company size, and the city. For instance, a big city like Toronto may require many project managers, and therefore may offer a higher salary because of its high demand.
-== Job outlook ==
-Project Management is gradually becoming more recognized and in demand all over the world. According to PMI, 2015, it is projected that an average of 1.2 million positions will need to be filled globally for the next decade.
-== To know more ==
-http://www.pmi.org/
-http://www.pmac-agpc.ca/certification
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Job Title (Meaghan Barlow) =
-Criminal Investigative Analysts also known as Criminal Profiler
-== General Overview ==
-	Criminal Investigative Analysis more commonly known as criminal profiling, is an investigative technique used to help law enforcement solve violent crimes. Analysts identify major personality and behavioural characteristics of an offender based upon their analysis of the crime committed<ref name="Douglas">Douglas, J. E., Ressler, R. K., Burgess, A. W., & Hartman, C. R. (1986). Criminal Profiling from Crime Scene Analysis. Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 4(4), 401-421.</ref> Criminal Investigative Analysts help law enforcement officers narrow down the suspect pool when solving violent crimes<ref name="Douglas" />. As a Criminal Investigative Analysts one would also aide in the interview and interrogation process in convicting the right offender<ref name="Douglas" />.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-	Criminal Investigative Analysts work with community law enforcement officers. As a Criminal Investigative Analysts one would go to crime scenes and interpret their surroundings in determining specific characteristics about the offender, such as demographics, physical characteristics, and even their habits.<ref>Winerman, L. (2004, August). Criminal profiling: the reality behind the myth. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug04/criminal.aspx.</ref> Criminal Investigative Analysts also are responsible for assessing the crime and recreating the sequence of events that took place during the crime. Once the characteristics of the offender and the sequence of events are recorded, a Criminal Investigative Analyst creates a profile about the offender from all of the previous information gathered<ref name="Douglas" />. After creating the profile the Criminal Investigative Analysts help the law enforcement officials through the interview and interrogation process by using unique techniques to catch the offender<ref name="Douglas" />.
-== Typical Workday ==
-	There is no typical workday for a Criminal Investigative Analyst, everyday there are new violent crimes and many of the crimes are different forcing profilers to travel or create profiles from a distance<ref name="Webb">Webb, D. (2015, February). FBI profiler: so you want to be one?. Retrieved from http://www.all-about-forensic-psychology.com/fbi-profiler.html.</ref> One of the common tasks Criminal Investigative Analysts complete on daily basis is sitting in an office for between eight and twelve hours a day reviewing crime scene photos and case materials while working on reports but as soon as an emergency phone call comes in requesting their assistance the Analysts will review and travel to the crime scenes if needed<ref name="Webb" />.  Criminal Investigative Analysts analyze crime scenes in hopes to develop an accurate profile of the offender and their behaviour, because crime scenes and offenders are different their work day is always changing<ref name="Webb" />.
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-A University diploma is not required to become a Criminal Investigative Analyst but one must have an extensive policing experience working with sexual assaults or homicide investigations<ref name="RCMP10">Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2010, February). Criminal investigative analysis. Retrieved from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/tops-opst/bs-sc/crim-profil-eng.htm.</ref>. To become a police officer there are two main pathways that individuals can take, the first being a college diploma in police foundations, or a university degree in criminal justice both before applying to the police academy<ref name="RCMP10" />.  Extensive policing experience is a requirement because one must possess knowledge of crime scene investigations, policing procedures regarding interviewing suspects, interrogations, and forensic pathology to be able to create accurate profiles of the offenders<ref name="RCMP10" />.
-== Related Skills, Interests, and Abilities ==
-	To be a successful Criminal Investigative Analysts one must possess extraordinary analytical and critical thinking skills<ref name="Criminal">Criminal Justice Programs.com. (2015). Criminal profiler degrees and careers. Retrieved from http://www.criminaljusticeprograms.com/specialty/criminal-profiler/.</ref>. Analytical and critical thinking skills are extremely important because as an Analyst it is important to analyze and interpret the offender’s behaviours to determine their specific characteristics to aide in their apprehension<ref name="Criminal" />. Another important skill Criminal Investigation Analysts need to possess is good commination skills, whether it be through their written communication or oral communication skills, it is important for Criminal Investigative Analysts to be able to communicate their profiles to the local police as well as communicate with the police when determining techniques used to apprehend the offender<ref name="Criminal" />.
-Lastly an individual’s ability to adapt quickly is an essential skill to have. An individual needs to be able to adapt because when and if an emergency phone call comes about a crime needing a profile they must go and help the local law enforcement<ref name="Criminal" />. Also while adapting your work environment Criminal Investigative Analysts have to adapt to who they work with, as an Analysts you are responsible for working with community law enforcement officers who they have never previously worked with and therefore it is important to be able to adapt to your working environment<ref name="Criminal" />.
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-Psychology is the understanding of human behaviour  and thus it is an asset to have a background in psychology when one wants to become a Criminal Investigative Analyst. Psychology is important in because the main purpose of the job is to analyze and understand the offender’s behaviours to infer specific characteristics regarding the offender’s habits, demographics, and cognitive processes<ref name="PBF10">Pozzulo, J., Bennell, C., & Forth, A. (2010). Forensic psychology. Toronto, ON: Pearson Canada Inc..</ref>Without broad knowledge in psychology one might not be able to understand the motives and behaviours of the offender and therefore the profile they create may be less accurate.
-Knowledge in psychological statistics and empirical designs are also helpful to Criminal Investigative Analysts because the characteristics that are inferred from the offender’s behaviour during the crime are correlated with empirical data and peer-reviewed research and therefore it would be essential to understand psychological research to support their criminal profile<ref name="PBF10" />. It is possible to become a criminal profiler without understanding statistics and empirical designs but the understanding will allow the individual to fully grasp the variables in the crime to create the most accurate profile.
-Lastly knowledge in forensic psychology will help a Criminal Investigative Analyst understand the workings of interrogation techniques<ref name="PBF10" />. Criminal Investigative Analysts in the interrogation process help law enforcement officers develop techniques. Through the interrogation Criminal Investigative Analysts are able to adapt questions in hopes to receive confessions<ref name="PBF10" />. Although in Canada one is not required to have a degree in psychology to become a Criminal Investigative Analysts, it would be an asset to have the added knowledge.
-If one wanted to become a Criminal Investigative Analysts Brock University offers a few psychology classes that have direct links to important aspects of criminal profiling. One class to start with would be the third year Forensic Psychology class (PSYC 3P52). In this class students learn directly about criminal profiling as well as learning about many case studies in which a criminal profile helped law enforcement officers apprehend the offender. Through this class students are better able to understand all the aspects within a criminal profile and get a better understanding of what it means to be a Criminal Analysts.  If students want to further their education about forensic psychology then taking fourth year Psychology of the Violent Predator (PSYC 4P72) will help them learn. In this class students are able to explore the minds of violent predators, from murders, serial killers and psychopaths, but they are also able to learn more about criminal profiling and how profiles have been shown to benefit law enforcement officers. Both of these courses Brock offers allow one to gain insights on some of the most dangerous minds, and offers students the opportunity to use their knowledge in psychology to bring the criminals to justice.
-== Salary Potential ==
-	The salary potential for a Criminal Investigative Analysts ranges depending on where one works. Those who work for a private practice have the opportunity earn far more than those who work along with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police<ref name="RCMP15">Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (n.d.). Retrieved February 9, 2015 from the UFV website: http://www.ufv.ca/media/assets/mathematics/dac-job-postings/criminal-intelligence-analyst.pdf.</ref>. It is hard to find complete figures for those who work in private practice, it is estimated that they have the earned more than $120 thousand a year<ref name="RCMP15" />. For those who are a part of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police recent job offers state salaries from between 76 thousand dollars a year and 82 thousand dollars a year<ref name="RCMP15" />. Salaries range for Criminal Investigative Analysts based on their education and skill levels, those who have more experience and received higher education have earned more money in recent years according to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police jobs board.
-==  Job Outlook ==
-	Criminal Investigative Analyst jobs are hard to find. In Canada there only three places  regularly hiring them: the Ontario Provincial Police, Royal Mounted Police and Surete du Quebec are the only government agencies that hire criminal Investigative Analysts to be a part of their teams<ref>International Criminal Investigative Analysis. (2015, February). International criminal investigative analysis fellowship. Retrieved from http://www.iciaf.org/.</ref>. In Canada the crime rate in 2013 was the lowest it has been since 1972, and with the crime rate decreasing it suggest that there will be even fewer opportunities in becoming a Criminal Investigative Analyst<ref>CBC News. (2014). Canada’s crime rate continues downward trend in 2013. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-s-crime-rate-continued-downward-trend-in-2013-1.2715356.</ref>.  With there being so little opportunities it is important to make the most of the opportunities that a psychology degree will offer you.
-== To Know More ==
-	To know more about what a career as a Criminal Investigative Analysts offers you visit:
-http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/tops-opst/bs-sc/crim-profil-eng.htm
-http://www.criminaljusticeprograms.com/specialty/criminal-profiler/.
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
---[[User:Mb10sj|Mb10sj]] 13:33, 23 March 2015 (EDT)
-= Job Title (Peter Dupuis) =
-Firefighter
-== General Overview ==
-Firefighters (Volunteer and Full Time) are present in all communities. They are expected to not only fight fires, but work closely with both the Police and Paramedics to deal with any other emergencies that may arise. Additionally, Firefighters are active in the community with health and safety promotion, home inspections, and numerous volunteer events. Firefighters are expected to act in a professional manner both on and off duty, as they are looked at as leaders by the general public.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-Firefighters have a wide variety of everyday duties, including but not limited to:
-*Fighting fires
-*Assisting Police Officers and Paramedics in other emergencies (Environmental, etc.)
-*Performing first aid and emergency medical procedures
-*Daily equipment checks (Fire trucks, hoses, sirens, suits etc.)
-*Local house inspections or overview of building permits
-*Community health and safety promotion
-*Maintaining optimum physical fitness
-*Housecleaning duties at the station (cleaning, mopping, laundry, etc.)
-*Career promotion and recruitment (Job fairs/school appearances)
-*Maintaining a professional, respectful relationship with fellow fire fighters
-*Maintaining a professional manner both on and off duty
-== A Typical Workday ==
-In most jurisdictions, firefighters work either two 24 hour shifts a week, or three 16 hour shifts<ref name= "Firefighters"> Become a Firefighter in Ontario. (2015, January 1). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.oafc.on.ca/becoming-firefighter-ontario </ref>. Due to the long work hours, and the nature of their work, firefighters have an extremely close bond with others in their service<ref name= "Firefighters" />. Firefighters treat those that they work with like a family, regardless of if they are on or off duty. There is no such thing as a “typical” work day in the life of a firefighter, as responsibilities can change as a result of certain events. As per the job title, a fire fighters main responsibility is fighting fires. However, they may also be asked to respond to other emergencies (or non-emergencies) with both Paramedics and Police. These may include environmental emergencies, crowd control, or any other scenario where they could be of service. On top of emergency services, there are many other tasks completed by firefighters on a daily basis, both in the station and in the community. In the station, a firefighter may be expected to perform daily equipment checks, cleaning duties, paperwork, and general maintenance. In the community, firefighters may be expected to be active in health and safety promotion, career recruitment, building planning, and various other volunteer events. Firefighters may also engage in certain forms of training throughout a general workday, which can include medical certifications (EMT/First Aid), fire service certification (Level 1 or 2) and physical fitness training.
-== Education Requirements and other Certifications ==
-The requirements for a firefighter vary between different jurisdictions. Generally, the larger the population that is being serviced (Toronto, New York etc.) the more requirements are needed. In general, any given fire department may ask for the following:
-*Be 18 years of age or older
-*Legally able to work in Canada
-*High school diploma (or equivalent)
-*First Aid (Level C or higher)
-*Have a clean criminal record
-*Community service hours
-*Volunteer Firefighter experience (In a small community or part time)
-*Valid “G” Drivers licence
-*Be in optimal physical condition (Pass a strength and conditioning test)
-*Be comfortable with shift work
-*Be comfortable with heights and small spaces
-*Be comfortable working in close quarters with others
-*Be comfortable working under intense pressure and stress
-Further certifications that may be required by larger jurisdictions may include:
-*Pre Service Fire Fighting Education and Training (See http://www.georgiancollege.ca/academics/full-time-programs/pre-service-firefighter-education-and-training-fire/ for more details)
-OR
-*Firefighter certificates Level 1 and 2 (Tests and training that are observed by a Chief or instructor)
-*A “DZ” drivers licence (For large trucks)
-*Full “EMT” certification (See http://www.georgiancollege.ca/academics/full-time-programs/paramedic-para/)
-*Post-Secondary Education (Communication, Psychology, Sociology etc.)
-== Related skills, interests, and hobbies ==
-Due to the length of their shifts, and nature of their work, firefighters maintain an extremely close bond with one another. Additionally, they are looked at as role models in the community, so much so that many consider them heroes. Aside from the education and certificates required, a few personal skills that may be looked for in a good firefighter include:
-*Very personable and sociable
-*Puts others before his/herself
-*Experience working as a team (athletics, clubs, jobs)
-*Public speaking skills
-*A general interest in helping the community and being involved
-*Genuine interest in their own health
-*Discipline
-*Respect
-*Confidence
-*Leadership
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-In certain educational programs for firefighting, students are expected to complete general psychology courses as a part of the curriculum. As an example, Humber College’s Pre-Service Firefighting Program requires that students complete a minimum of 1 psychology course in order to graduate. To see the entire curriculum, visit http://www.humber.ca/program/pre-service-firefighter-education-and-training
-In addition, an undergraduate degree in psychology can be extremely useful in pursuing your career as a firefighter. More specifically, courses that focus on health psychology, social psychology and forensic psychology all teach relevant knowledge for a career in firefighting. Firefighting is a very demanding occupation and can be extremely stressful. Knowledge in personal coping methods, causes and treatments of anxiety, and other forms of self-care are all taught in a basic health psychology. Additionally, a social psychology course may teach invaluable information about effective leadership, teamwork skills, and communication. All of these skills are essential as firefighters work closely not only with each other but with the community as well. Lastly, basic knowledge in forensic psychology may be useful a firefighter because of their work with police and paramedics. This is including but not limited to basic interrogation skills, knowledge in witness testimony, and other legal matters.
-== Salary Potential ==
-Firefighting wages vary in jurisdictions. As of 2015, the average annual wage for a firefighter in Canada is $58,164<ref name= "pay"> Firefighter Salary. (2015, January 1). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Fire_Fighter/Salary </ref>. Overall, wages can range between 37,000-88,000 annually<ref name= "pay" />. The more experience and certifications you have, the higher your wages can get. Additionally, you can be a volunteer firefighter in small communities, which for the most part is unpaid (Tax right off is possible).
-== Job Outlook ==
-According to Statistics Canada (2015) the availability of full time firefighter jobs throughout Canada should steadily increase over the next few years <ref>Firefighters. (2015, January 1). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6262.shtml#outlook</ref>. This is primarily due to the retirement (firefighters generally retire at an early age), and the rapid expansion of populations in certain communities. The two provinces with the largest need for full time firefighters are Alberta and Prince Edward Island.
-== For More Information ==
-http://www.oafc.on.ca/becoming-firefighter-ontario
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Royal Canadian Mounted Police Officer (Dakota Maruzin) =
-== General Overview ==
-	The RCMP is the national police service of Canada. Unique to the world, the RCMP is a federal, provincial, and municipal police force. The RCMP provides police services to all Canadians, and community policing under contract to the three territories and eight provinces, excluding Ontario and Quebec. The RCMP operates out of more than 750 detachments, including more than 150 municipalities and over 600 Aboriginal communities and three international airports<ref>"About the RCMP” January 28, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/about-ausujet/index-eng.htm</ref>. A police officer of the RCMP ensures the safety and security of those in the community. Officers are responsible for enforcing the law and investigating crimes, and are role models and leaders who provide guidance to people from all walks of life.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-	As a police officer with the RCMP, duties and responsibilities include ensuring public safety and security, enforcing the law, and conducting crime investigations. Ensuring public safety and security results from emergency responding and assistance to victims. It is also a duty to uphold police-community relations and multiculturalism through community awareness and relations. Apprehension of criminals, response to alarms, disputes, and complaints, patrols, and enforcement of highway and traffic laws are all the duties involved in enforcing the law. For investigations, evidence collection at crime scenes, interviews of suspects and witnesses, collection of notes and reports, and testifying in court are all duties involved for an officer of the RCMP<ref name="Careers">“Police officer careers” Rcmp-grc.gc.ca. September 25, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rm-mr/rm-mr-eng.htm</ref>.
-== Typical workday ==
-	Policing is a 24-hour-per-day necessity therefore shift work is required. This can consist of shifts during the night, evenings, weekends, and holidays <ref name="Careers" />. These shifts can vary from 8 – 12 hours. During the shift, it is required that all duties and responsibilities are completed with the upmost efficiency. Officers are expected to carry a firearm and use it or any other force necessary to restore order and safety, and because every day is unique, officers may be exposed to trauma, violence and disturbing situations.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-	To be an RCMP officer, you must: be a Canadian citizen or have full Canadian citizenship, be proficient in English or French, possess a valid, unrestricted driver’s license, possess a Canadian secondary school diploma or equivalent, meet health and psychological standards, meet vision standards, meet hearing standards, have access to a dentist, meet the necessary level of physical fitness, be prepared to carry a firearm and use it or any other necessary physical force, be willing to relocate to anywhere in Canada, be willing to spend six months at the RCMP training academy in Saskatchewan, be willing to work shift work, be free and clear of any illegal activity and have no criminal charges pending, be free of improper use of prescription or illegal drugs, and lastly be of good character and meet behaviour standards <ref>“Qualifications and requirements” October 24, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/requirements-exigences-eng.htm.</ref>.
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-	Officers are required to have competencies of integrity, honesty, professionalism, compassion, respect, accountability, problem solving, leadership, thinking skills, client-centered service, personal effectiveness and flexibility, planning and organizing, interpersonal skills, communication, and continuous learning <ref>“Mission, vision, ad values” April 27, 2006. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/about-ausujet/mission-eng.htm.</ref>.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-	RCMP requirements state that only a High school diploma or equivalent is necessary, however post secondary education, particularly in Psychology can be extremely beneficial. Courses in psychology educate on topics about human behaviour and how and why we do things; this is invaluable in a career as a police officer. Courses in social psychology, cognition, abnormal psychology, and of course forensic psychology can be very beneficial. Social psychology can give a basis on what people generally do and the biases that are most common regarding our beliefs. Cognition courses provide an overview on the abilities and limitations of the human brain. This can become especially important when using police discretion about a particular crime that was committed. For example, if a youth committed a misdemeanor while with a group of peers, this individual is likely at low risk of committing a future crime. Abnormal psychology is extremely important for highlighting prevalence of mental illness in the population, which every police officer should be aware when approaching a call to a disturbance or crime. Forensic psychology is essential to understand not only antisocial behaviour of criminals, but also behaviour of fellow police officers and the inner workings of the legal system and the perceptions of the public.
-== Salary potential ==
-	After successfully completing the Cadet Training Program and being offered employment, the Constable entry annual salary is $50,624. After six months service annual salary will increase to $65,840. After 12 months service salary will increase to $71,435, after 24 months to $77,032, and after 36 months service to $82,108<ref>“Salary and benefits” October 20, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rm-mr/salary-avantages-eng.htm</ref>.
-== Job outlook ==
-	Hiring opportunities stem from the need to replace retiring police officers. Because police officers usually retire at an earlier age than the average worker, the rate of hire should match that. Unemployment rates are very low in this occupation. The occupation attracts many candidates, however, only a portion meet the requirements and of those that do, a minority can work because of quotas. But because this is field is a necessity for society, job prospects in this occupation are deemed fair <ref>“Police Officers” September 3, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6261.shtml. </ref>.
-== To know more ==
-Please visit:
-http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/index.shtm
-http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6261.shtml
---[[User:Dm10rg|Dm10rg]] 16:04, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Animal Assisted Therapist  (Dinogy Ravinthiran) =
-== General Overview ==
-An Animal Assisted Therapist is a qualified therapist or professional specialized in animal therapy that seeks out to improve patient’s lives who vary in different disorders such as autism, depression or other disabilities. The goal is to help improve their mental, physical, social and emotional well being through the use of animals. Therapists deal with a wide range of age groups in many types of settings such as mental health facilities, schools, prisons or hospitals. Animal Assisted Therapists also work with different types of animals including and not limited to dogs, horses and dolphins. The therapeutic process can involve interacting with an animal being around them, petting them and taking care of them, which in return creates a bond between the patient and animal<ref name="CRC">CRC Health Group. (2011). What is animal assisted therapy? Retrieved from http://www.crchealth.com/types-of-therapy/what-is-animal-assisted-therapy/.</ref>
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-* Assessing the needs and skills of the patient
-* Setting individual treatment plans and specific goals for each session to help develop the use of physical, social and cognitive skills for better functioning (e.g. techniques to improve motor skills by petting or riding a horse)
-* Working to remove barriers that prevent patients from being their normal selves and participating in society
-* Helping patients interact safely and efficiently with therapy animals
-* Motivating and teaching patients the benefits of the therapy
-* Monitoring and evaluating progress of patients
-* Scheduling appointments
-== Typical Workday ==
-Shifts include mornings, afternoons, evenings, weekends and weekdays<ref name="AHS">Alberta Health Services. (2015). Recreation therapist.Retrieved from http://www.albertahealthservices.ca/careers/page389.asp.</ref>. Depending on the number of clients and their specific time needed for rehabilitation, the therapists working hours can vary. Some patients may want fewer sessions that last longer (couple of hours a day) while others may want many sessions that are shorter (an hour a day). Thus, there are no specific months or seasons in which the workload may increase or decrease, but a typical day may range from an hour to several hours depending on the client. There can also be expectations of unusual shifts, as the therapist may need to accommodate the patients and their availability and they must also be willing to work in any weather conditions.
-Depending on the setting the clients can vary. For example clients can vary in age (from young children to the elderly) and where they are located. Work place settings can include schools, prisons, hospitals, mental institutes and senior homes. Clients can include students, patients at hospitals and mental institutes, prisoners or the elderly. Animal Assisted Therapist must also be willing to be prepared to deal with different personalities and behaviors (such as physical or verbally aggressive) clients and must be able to keep themselves, the client and the therapy animal calm<ref name="AHS" />.
-Animal Assisted Therapists can work amongst many different colleagues, depending on the situation that the therapy animal is being used for. Colleagues can include other therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, nurses, social workers, teachers, police officers and many more<ref name="AHS" />. Most importantly, Animal Assisted Therapists must work alongside different types of therapy animals such as dogs, farm animals, marine animals and much more.
-Some of the special tools and technology required for the job involve having properly trained and medically examined animals who are able to stay calm among a variety of different situations and people at any given time. Other tools may include other equipment that may be needed for the animal (such as food, saddles etc) and the patient’s needs (e.g., walkers, wheelchairs etc).
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-To qualify to be an Animal Assisted Therapist, one must complete a four-year BA or certificate in recreational therapy or a related field such as psychology or social work<ref name="ai">Academic Invest: Open Doors for Students. (2015). How to become a recreation therapist- Recreation therapist Career. Retrieved from http://www.academicinvest.com/science-careers/exercise-science-careers/how-to-become-a-recreation-therapist.</ref>. Having a Masters Degree can also give you an advantage in some positions depending on the employer and institute you may wish to work at <ref name="AHS" />.  Depending on the region, some employers may also want to hire graduates who have internship experience or are certified by the National Council of Therapeutic Recreation Certification (NCTRC) in Canada or other registered therapy practices <ref name="ai" />. This can include provinces such as Alberta who has many health institutes that require Animal Assisted Therapists in their program.
-Other requirements that may also be beneficial to get hired is having a certification in First Aid and CPR training, specialized training in patient assessment and or having a certificate in Animal Assisted Therapy <ref name="AHS" />.  To obtain an Animal Assisted Therapy certificate (which can be done online) requires the completion of 15 credits and a 40-hour hands on experience fieldwork at the [http://www.animaledu.com/Landingpages/AAT.aspx?gclid=CNmU38HFwcQCFQ8waQodaJYAXw Animal Behavior Institute]<ref name="ABI">Animal Behavior Institute. (2013). Animal assisted therapy. Retrieved from http://www.animaledu.com/Programs/AnimalAssistedTherapy.aspx</ref>. Once this certification has been completed, it is not necessary to renew it. Ongoing training is not necessary, but gaining hands on experience can increase ones credibility as an Animal Assisted Therapist. For more information about getting certified in Animal Assisted Therapy, check out [http://www.animaledu.com/Programs/AnimalAssistedTherapy.aspx AAT certification program]
-== Related Skills, Interests, and Abilities ==
-* '''Multitask''': Essential for the job as the therapist is required to focus on both the client and animal at all times while also assessing and reporting the progress being made by the client
-* '''Organize''': Being able to plan appointments without conflicts, creating treatment plans specific for each client and keeping sessions on track is essential part of the job
-* '''Communication''': Being able to communicate effectively with the client and animal is essential as the primary goal of this job is to work with others. The individual must also have proficient writing skills as they are required to report details of progression during therapy which can later help improve outcome
-* Being able to work both alone and in a group setting
-* Enjoy working with a variety of people from different backgrounds and interacting with animals
-* Being able to create authentic relationships with both patients and therapy animals
-* Interested in helping others cope with their problems
-* Be caring, compassionate, empathetic, positive and encouraging
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-Psychology plays a relevant part in Animal Assisted Therapy because part of psychology involves trying to change behaviors and help with a variety of psychological disorders. Having a background in psychology allows an Animal Assisted Therapist to use their knowledge of psychopathology, cognition, learning behaviors and stress to help implement it into their therapy techniques to get the most efficient results.  For example having knowledge about the development of abnormal behaviour and psychopathologies gives the therapist an insight to the etiology and potential treatment actions that best work for the specific disorder. By having this knowledge they are able to implement it with the use of therapy animals. Having knowledge about cognition and learning behaviors is also beneficial because it gives the therapist the ability to know how an individual’s brain works along with the different learning behaviors of individuals which can be helpful when making individual treatment plans to correct behavior. Overall, stress can also be a major reason as to why many individuals part take in Animal Assisted Therapy, so it is essential that therapists are well aware of how our brain perceives stress and the impacts associated with it. With this background knowledge, the therapist is later able to use the therapy animal to help decrease the stress as it has been seen to be effective in many cases. For example, in many universities including Brock, during exam times dogs are brought in to help decrease the stress among students.
-== Salary Potential ==
-The Canadian starting salary of an Animal Assisted Therapist is $15.88/ hour leading to an annual salary of $34,425. The typical average wage can be up to $25.35 per hour. During the first 5-10 years of the job, there is potential to increase the pay with additional experience and qualifications leading to an annual salary of up to $65,688 ($31.78/ hour), but after about 20 years there is no potential to grow<ref>Payscale: Human Capital. (2015). Recreation therapist salary (Canada). Retrieved from http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Recreation_Therapist/Hourly_Rate</ref>. Depending on the province salary potential may differ as different requirements are expected. For example, [http://www.albertahealthservices.ca/ The Alberta Health Services Institute] pays their therapist depending on experience, where they work and their responsibilities. Their pay range can vary from $34.33/ hour to $48.25/ hour depending on these factor <ref name="AHS" />.
-== Job Outlook ==
-It has been projected that Animal Assisted Therapy and therapy in general will grow by 27%- 28% in the next ten years<ref name="ABI" />. Many jobs can incorporate animal therapy for reducing stress and dealing with more complex issues such as helping with psychological disorders. Animals give people positive feelings and this form of therapy can be very beneficial especially for those who are shy and or have difficulty communicating with others<ref>Kramer, M.H. (2015). Animal assisted therapist. Retrieved from http://animalcareers.about.com/od/Other/fl/Animal-Assisted-Therapist.htm</ref>. Thus, it is likely that demand for these jobs will be prevalent among urban settings as there are more opportunities for this therapy to be used in work settings, schools and hospitals compared to rural areas where there may not be as much opportunities available.
-== To Know More ==
-[http://www.crchealth.com/types-of-therapy/what-is-animal-assisted-therapy/ To learn more about the benefits and types of conditions/ disorders Animal Assisted Therapy can treat]
-[http://psychcentral.com/lib/the-truth-about-animal-assisted-therapy/00010295 Other facts about Animal Assisted Therapy]
---[[User:Dr10se|Dr10se]] 14:10, 24 March 2015 (EDT)
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Talent Acquisition Recruiter (Lyndsay Summerhill) =
-== General overview ==
-A Talent Acquisition Recruiter (also known as Talent Acquisition Specialist, Corporate Recruiter, Hiring Specialist etc.) is responsible for the processes involved in hiring a candidate for a vacant position within a company<ref>Salary for Business. (2015). Senior recruiter roles and responsibilities. Retrieved from:http://skills.salary.com/Job/Recruiter-Senior</ref>.  They work within the Human Resources department and with the Talent Acquisition team screening and selecting prospective candidates. Upon selection they schedule interviews, conduct interviews with hiring managers, provide recommendations for successful candidates, check references and background information, create offer letters as well as perform various administrative tasks<ref>Recruiter. (2015). News and information HR recruiter. Retrieved from:https://www.recruiter.com/i/hr-recruiter/</ref>. Common career paths taken by Talent Acquisition Recruiters with 5-10 years of experience include: HR Generalist, HR Manager, HR Director, and Senior HR Manager<ref name="payscale">Payscale. (2015). Recruiter salary (Canada). Retrieved from:http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Recruiter/Salary.</ref>
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-* Recruit prospective candidates using methods such as social media, cold calling and networking<ref name="work">Workopolis. (2015). Corporate recruiter (3-6 month contract). Retrieved from:http://www.workopolis.com/jobsearch/job/15620324?cid=hrsdc</ref>.
-* Compete thorough background and reference checks on all prospective candidates<ref name= "work" />.
-* Schedule interviews with potential candidates via phone, Skype or in person.
-* Work alongside hiring managers in selecting candidates to interview, and provide the hiring manager with recommendations concerning the candidate preceding the interview<ref name="work" />.
-* Work with the Talent Acquisition and Human Resources team to ensure all recruitment needs are met, and all vacant positions are filled with a successful candidate<ref name="work" />.
-* Create and send offer letters to successful candidates including their position title, benefits package and salary.
-* Conduct interviews alongside fellow recruiters and hiring managers<ref name="work" />.
-* Occasionally work offsite to host recruitment career opportunities with other Talent Acquisition employees<ref name="work" />.
-* Screen job applications prior to selecting and interviewing candidates<ref name="work" />.
-== Typical workday ==
-A recruiter typically works Monday to Friday fulfilling 40 hours a week, unless required to conduct interviews off site or attend recruitment events seeking prospective candidates<ref name="glassdoor">Glassdoor. (2015). Get hired. Love your job. Retrieved from: http://www.glassdoor.ca</ref>. In these situations a recruiter may fulfill more than 40 hours per week. Recruiters work within Human Resource Departments in which HR is required in all large corporations. Typically recruiters will work in an office environment within the HR department and with fellow Talent Acquisition employees to ensure productivity and flow in the hiring process. It is necessary for a recruiter to work with hiring managers of other departments to ensure the selection of a successful candidate that will fulfill the requirements of the vacant position. A central part to a recruiter’s responsibility is to network externally to seek out candidates that will represent the company. It should be noted that recruiters experience higher work demands when finalizing a job offer. This process involves creating employment contracts, and ensuring the candidate is aware of company policies.  Essentially, recruiters should be comfortable with the public, and able to work with websites and media to ensure job postings are posted and experienced candidates are chosen<ref name="glassdoor" />.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-* Bachelor’s Degree in a related field such as Psychology or Business Administration (Human Resources Management Concentration) and/or certificate in Human Resources<ref name="job">Job Descriptions. (2015). Recruiter job description. Retrieved from:http://jobdescriptions.net/business/recruiter/</ref>.
-* 1-2 years minimum experience in Human Resources related work for entry level<ref name="job" />.
-* CHRP (Certified Human Resources Professional) Certificate recommended
-** The following /association(s) offer Human Resources Program:
-*** Colleges
-**** Humber College [http://www.humber.ca/program/human-resources-management Human Resources Management]
-**** George Brown College [http://http://www.georgebrown.ca/B408-2015-2016/ Human Resources Management]
-*** HPRA Association
-**** Entry Level [http://www.hrpa.ca/RegulationandHRDesignations/Pages/CHRP-Designation.aspx CHRP Designation]
-**** Professional Level [http://www.hrpa.ca/RegulationandHRDesignations/Pages/CHRP-Designation.aspx CHRL Designation]
-**** Executive Level  [http://www.hrpa.ca/RegulationandHRDesignations/Pages/CHRP-Designation.aspx CHRE Designation]
-* Recruiters and all Human Resources Professionals with a CHRP, CHRL or CHRE designation must maintain their membership in the HPRA Association and meet the ongoing continuing professional development (CPD) requirement in order to maintain their designation<ref name="hrpa">HRPA. (2012). CHRP designation. Retrieved from:
-http://www.hrpa.ca/RegulationandHRDesignations/Pages/CHRP-Designation.aspx</ref>.CDP requires that members obtain 66.67 hours of professional development for ever three-year CPD cycle<ref name="hrpa" />. CPD hours can be earned through leadership activities and completion of work projects or research<ref name="hrpa" />.
-== Related skills, interests and abilities ==
-* Interest in social media, and networking through social media would be important as job alerts can be provided via Twitter, Facebook, and e-mail.
-* Communicating and networking with people is important in finding candidates who are suitable for the position you are filling.
-* Being friendly and informative. In interviews these traits make feel comfortable and create a stress free environment.
-* Being patient is also important because interviews are often repetitive and require a minimum of an hour to conduct. Patience and friendliness are important in allowing each candidate an equal opportunity.
-* An overall interest in interacting with people is one of the most important aspects of the job as recruiters spend most of their career networking and interviewing candidates as well as working with fellow employees.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-Statistics and Behavioural Research Design in the Behavioural Sciences offered as a second year course at Brock teaches students the importance of critically thinking and using statistics to understand and problem solve. In reference to recruitment, Talent Acquisition Recruiters are responsible for creating offer letters that specify a full time employees salary, and occasionally a part time employees hourly wage including their pay periods, the amount paid and vacation pay. Recruiters that employee candidates under union legislation are required to follow salary caps and inform each employee of their salary breakdown. Critically analyzing a Collective Agreement and understanding the minimum and maximum salary caps for employees is important for the company in terms of legality and Labour laws<ref name="psyc">Brock University. (2010). 2014-2015 undergraduate Calendar. Psychology. Retrieved from: http://brocku.ca/webcal/2014/undergrad/psyc.html</ref>.
-Personality and Individual Differences is also a second year course that addresses the genetic and environmental factors that affect human functioning, essential components of psychology that a recruiter may need. While conducting interviews it is critical to address the persons positive and negative attributes, personality traits, and the potential for the traits to flourish or conflict with the environment of the organization<ref name="psyc" />.
-Psychology students who have a particular interest in pursuing a career in Human Resources are able to take business electives throughout their undergraduate degree. It is important to note that enrolling in a first year Business course is a prerequisite for upper year business courses. Students who choose to take a business elective may take an Organizational Behaviour class. This course covers topics that include leadership, conflict, and organizational theory and design<ref>Brock University. (2010). 2014-2015 undergraduate calendar. Business. Retrieved from:http://www.brocku.ca/webcal/2015/undergrad/busi.html#OBHR_2P91
-</ref>.
-== Salary potential ==
-Entry level Talent Acquisition Recruiters with less than 5 years of experience typically earn between $40,000-$45,000 a year with potential for bonuses and commission<ref name="payscale" />.
-Experienced recruiters with 10-20 years of experience earn an approximate annual salary of $69,000, where later career recruiters with 20+ years of experience can earn $79,000 annually<ref name="payscale" />.
-Recruiters who work for larger multi-national organizations typically earn more than do recruiters from smaller organizations<ref_name="job" />. Also, recruiters who work in larger geographical locations tend to earn more than fellow employees working in remote locations<ref name="job" />.
-Overall, it is projected that Talent Acquisition Recruiters earn $45,511 annually, as people in this position typically do not have more than 10 years of experience and follow other HR career paths<ref name="payscale" />.
-== Job outlook ==
-Human Resources jobs have been listed on Randstad’s 2014 Hot Jobs list and surveys report that 62% of corporations are hiring for HR jobs when there are more than 25,000 employees in that organization<ref name="division">Recruiting Division. (2015). A look at human resources talent today. Retrieved from: http://www.recruitingdivision.com/industries/human-resources/</ref>. It is reported that employment for recruiters will increase by 7% percent by the year 2022, which is comparable to the rate of growth for other occupations<ref name="division" />.
-== To know more ==
-To know more about the requirements, salaries, and potential career paths taken by Talent Acquisition Recruiters see [http://www.payscale.com/research/CA/Job=Recruiter/Salary Pay Scale. Human Capital]
---[[User:Ls11gy|Ls11gy]] 17:20, 24 March 2015 (EDT)
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-=Canadian Customs Officer(Amanda Lea)=
-Canadian Customs Officer/ Border Security Officer.
-== General Overview ==
-Officers employed by the Canadian Border Services Agency are the first point of contact an individual has when entering Canada. As such, it is important that they maintain a professional, respectful interaction with individuals entering Canada. It is the job of a customs officer to ensure the protection of Canada and its citizens by screening individuals entering the country, and denying entry to those who pose a threat to Canada, its citizens, or its livestock <ref name="cbsawebsite">Government Of Canada. (2014, July 9) Before you apply retrieved from http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/job-emploi/bso-asf/hiring-embauche-eng.html </ref>. Each officer will process hundreds of individuals into Canada every day, and take measures to ensure the safety of Canada and its citizens, sometimes by detaining individuals who are wanted in Canada or the United States, or by preventing the passage of contraband into Canada <ref name="cbsawebsite" />.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-Customs officers are responsible for many important tasks that directly impact the Safety and well being of Canadian citizens. Tasks that customs officers are responsible for include:
-•	Ensuring that all people and goods entering Canada comply with Canadian laws and regulations.
-•	Assisting in preventing human trafficking and money laundering.
-•	Detaining individuals who may pose a threat to Canada.
-•	Preventing the introduction of human, animal and plant diseases into Canada.
-•	Guarding against the circulation of narcotics, firearms, child pornography and other illegal or prohibited items in Canada.
-•	Applying punishments and seizing goods if required.
-•	Ensuring that all applicable duties and taxes are paid.
-== Typical Workday ==
-Agents working for the Canadian Border Services Agency work shifts that are usually 10-12 hours long. Since Canadian borders remain open 24/7, some customs officers will be required to work midnight shifts, and on holidays. There are also overtime shifts that agents may be expected to work. Officers are expected to work where they are needed, so it is possible that officers will be placed in parts of Canada they are unfamiliar with. The typical workday will primarily involve the agent sitting or standing in a booth, processing individuals or groups of people in the computer and sending those individuals who are required to pay taxes, or who are suspected of trying to smuggle prohibited substances into secondary inspection. The workplace conditions can vary depending on whether the agent is in an airport, or at a land border. In an airport, for example, the agent will be working in air-conditioned building, whereas if positioned at a land border, the officer will be situated in a cubicle with a fan, or a heater in the winter. It is expected that there will typically be a steady flow of traffic entering Canada, and that there will be minimal times when the agent will not be busy. It is expected that if the agent thinks that individual is suspicious, they are to detain them in a holding cell at the border until either the police are informed, or the situation can be resolved (calling a child’s parent to ensure they are not being kidnapped, for example). It is expected that there will be a steady flow of traffic entering Canada, so officers will remain busy.
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-To be considered a successful applicant for a job in customs, one must successfully complete the following requirements:
-•	Completion of secondary school education (post-secondary education is not mandatory).
-•	Possess and maintain a valid Ontario driver’s license.
-•	Complete the Canadian Firearms Safety Course and the Canadian Restricted Firearms Safety Course, and pass the final examination tests for both courses. These courses only need to be completed once, as long as you are able to do so successfully.
-•	Complete the Physical Availabilities and Restrictions Evaluation (PARE) in less than 4 minutes and 45 seconds. This also only needs to be completed once, as long as you are able to complete the test in less than 4 minutes, 45 seconds.
-•	Complete the Canadian Border Service Agency’s (CBSA) Officer Induction Training Program (OTIP), in Quebec.
-•	Requirements for customs agents are the same in all provinces of Canada, but will vary country to country.
-== Related Skills, Interests, and Abilities ==
-Personal characteristics that will help individuals meet the demands of the duties as a customs agent include:
-•	Maintaining physical fitness- this job can be highly active, and it is possible that officers will have to chase after individuals while on the job, and maintaining physical fitness will help officers perform well when faced with this situation.
-•	Customs officers must be conscientious in processing individuals at borders. Officers need to do many tasks accurately at the same time, and need to do them relatively quickly. These tasks can include: knowing what to look for when processing an individual into Canada, being able to correctly put an individual into the computer, check their criminal history when required, be aware of missing and wanted individuals in Canada, and assessing the behaviour of the individual, looking for signs that they may be hiding something.
-•	It is very helpful for border agents to be competent in detecting lies, which could help catch those trying to hide illicit items they are attempting to bring into the country, or trying to bring a trafficking victim into the country.
-•	It is important for Border Service Agents to maintain patience and a positive attitude while on the job. This is because they are the first people that individuals see when entering Canada, and will leave an impression on visitors.
-•	It is important for customs officers to be confident, as this will help them professionally handle individuals who may be agitated, annoyed and angry by the rules that are being enforced.
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-Many elements from psychology are relevant in the field of customs and border security. Of the courses offered at Brock University, several offered valuable information for individuals hoping to peruse a career as a customs agent. These include:
-Forensic psychology- In forensic psychology classes, students learn how to predict future violence of an individual who has previously committed a crime based on factors that would be made available to the officer. For example, items such as marital status, the nature of the crime they committed, the age at which they committed the crime, whether or not the victim was injured, etc. This will be beneficial for individuals pursuing a career in customs because this information will be available to officers, who will then be able to direct their behaviour according to their perceived likelihood of violence (to avoid conflict, or to provide opportunity to respond to a threatening individual). Many universities in Canada, including: Carleton University, University of Toronto, University of Alberta and University of Waterloo, offer forensic psychology classes.
-In violent predators class, students learn some valuable information about intuition and how an individuals’ intuition is usually correct about dangerous situations, so, for example, if an officer gets a bad feeling about a car or individual that pulls up in their lane, they should know to trust their feeling and conduct a further investigation on that car. Even though it can be argued that everyone has gut feelings, not everyone knows that going with your gut feeling is very often the correct thing to do, because they do not know that this has been proven to be accurate.
-In social psychology, students learn about many cognitive biases. It is important for customs officers to be aware of these biases so they do not happen to make these mistakes when dealing with individuals passing through the border. Examples of these would be:
-•	Stereotyping- Stereotyping is the tendency to expect a member of a group to have certain characteristics without knowing these individuals. Customs agents should avoid engaging in stereotyping, since stereotypes are not accurate of all individuals. For example, when seeking contraband, officers should not target only vehicles with drivers of a certain race, or gender unless there has been evidence that an individual of that race or gender is trying to take contraband into the country.
-•	In-group bias- the tendency for an individual to give preferential treatment to individuals in their group- It would be amoral for officers to give preferential treatment to those in the same group as them, and not as good treatment to their out-group. This would mean for a white officer, they would be less likely to pull over a car with a white driver than they would if the driver was any other race. This is ineffective, since it is possible that the individuals who are bringing prohibited substances into the country are not being searched.
-•	Illusory correlations- Thinking that two things are correlated, when in fact there is no relationship between them. It would be bad for customs officers to hold any illusory correlations because it can lead to holding an innocent individual in detention, wasting the company’s resources and possibly letting a guilty individual go. An example of this would be if you arrested a young man driving a new car for bringing contraband into Canada, the officer then may believe that most young men driving new cars are carrying contraband.
-== Salary Potential ==
-As an officer in training, your salary can be between $58,078 and $64,859 per year. Following the completion of training and certification, a border security officer will make between $62,697 and $70,120 per year. Benefits are also included in the job, including health and dental plans, as well as a Canadian pension.
-== Job Outlook ==
-According to the government of Canada’s job bank website, by 2022 in Canada, there will be around 204,000 job openings available in customs related fields, and only 134,714 job seekers to fill these positions. This means that there will be a lot of careers available in the field of customs and immigration. The reason that demand for border services agents will be so high is because many of the officers that are employed by the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) are in their mid to late forties, resulting in a high projected rate of retirement among officers in the next ten years. Retirement of current officers accounts for 61% of future demand. The government is also looking to expand border services within the next ten years, accounting for even more demand for new officers. This expansion accounts for 28% of future demand.
-== To Know More... ==
-If you are interested in looking further into this career, check out the following websites:
-Canada Border Services website:
-http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/job-emploi/bso-asf/hiring-embauche-eng.html
-Application process:
-http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/job-emploi/bso-asf/req-exig-eng.html
-==Notes and References==
- <!-- place at bottom of article -->
-<references/>
-= Correctional Officer (Amanda Thornton) =
-Correctional Officer/Prison Ward Officer
-== General overview ==
-A Correctional Officer works under the criminal justice system of Canada in a jail or penitentiary setting. Correctional Officers are to respect and apply the laws and regulations within the criminal justice system by encouraging and assisting offenders in a safe manner to become law-abiding citizens <ref name="service"> Correctional Service Canada.(2014).Government of Canada Retrieved January 31, 2015, from http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/careers/003001-3001-eng.shtml</ref>. Correctional Officers maintain order through control and supervision of inmates. Correctional Officers assess safety concerns and risks and take the appropriate security measures in response<ref name="service" />. Correctional Officers may be employed at smaller jails under municipal government or larger jails at the federal level<ref name="service" />.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-Correctional Officers have two primary career goals: protecting the community as well as the inmates, and promoting a positive influence and change into an inmate’s behaviour<ref>Adult Correctional Officer Career. (2013). Justice Institute of British Columbia. Retrieved February 8, 2015, from http://www.jibc.ca/programs-courses/careers/adultcorrectional-officer-careere</ref>.
-The major tasks of a Correctional Officer include: responsibility for supervision and control of inmates, monitoring the inmates at all times, searching inmates as well as their cells, settling any disputes between inmates inspect locks windows and doors for tampering, standing guard at gates and fences, monitoring cameras writing reports on inmate behaviour and activities, escorting inmates to and from cells, and acting as a role model<ref name="officer"> Correctional Officer Assessment.(2013). Retrieved February 6, 2015, from https://www2-careercruising.com.proxy.library.brocku.ca/careers/earnings/118</ref>.
-== Typical workday ==
-Hours of work as a can vary as inmates require supervision 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Shifts range from 8-12 hours and are based on rotation<ref name="environment"> Work Environment. (2013). MyHR. Retrieved February 11, 2015, from        http://www2.gov.bc.ca/myhr/article.page?ContentID=389292f3-9639-b40c-94b4-d3f0b1620951&PageNumber=2</ref>. For example one week an Officer may be on nights, and the next week working mornings. Some penitentiaries have stable shifts with no rotation, but rotation is often preferred. Shift duties vary on location and amount of Officers working in the penitentiary<ref name="environment" />. For example, one day a Correctional Officer may be doing cell checks and the next day could be standing guard at the gatehouse. Work environment changes between shifts as night shifts are generally quieter as the inmates are sleeping, while during the day it is much busier and loud as inmates are awake<ref name="working"> Working in Canada. (2013). Government of Canada. Retrieved February 8, 2015, from http://www.workingincanada.gc.ca/jobposting.do?searchstring=correctional+officers&button.submit=Search&id=11716543&source=searchresults</ref>. The work setting can vary as shifts change from inside to outside work<ref name="environment" />.
-Penitentiaries and jails do not close on weekends or holidays due to the constant supervision needed on the inmates and thus there is usually rotation of shifts on weekends and holidays. There may be opportunities for over-time based on amount of Officers on duty and the number of inmates<ref name="working" />.
-The work setting can be high stress due to the danger of being in such close proximity to inmates with extensive criminal backgrounds<ref name="environment" />. Colleagues will also be under high stress, and will have little interaction with fellow Officers on duty unless there is a safety or security need<ref name="environment" />.
-Depending on the budget of the institution the work environment may be well lit and well heated while others may be dim, crowded and very warm due to the crowding<ref name="environment" />.
-Correctional Officers use various body armour protection, hand guns, batons, 2 way radios, and security cameras<ref name="jailers"> Correctional Officers and Jailers. (2010). O*net OnLine. Retrieved February 8, 2015, from http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/33-3012.00</ref>. Technology that is used by Correctional Officers includes various data base management system software, database user interface and query software, and basic word processing software<ref name="jailers" />.
-== Educational requirements and other qualifications ==
-The minimum educational requirement is a high school diploma<ref name="become"> How to Become a Correctional Officer.(2013). Academic Invest. February 8, 2015, from http://www.academicinvest.com/arts-careers/criminology-careers/how-to-becomea-correctional- officer</ref>. However with more experience you are more likely to get a position. The higher the level of government penitentiary the more education you need. The federal government prefers to hire those with a Bachelor’s degree in criminology, sociology or psychology<ref name="become" />. Provincial governments also prefer bachelor’s degree but will also accept diplomas from those that have studied criminology, law or abnormal psychology<ref name="become" />.
-To further the likelihood to get a position is to take a specialized correctional program that also allows a work placement co-op to provide experience to those wishing to pursue corrections<ref name="officer" />.
-Aside from educational requirements, candidates are to pass a fitness test of muscular strength, endurance, cardio-respiratory fitness and flexibility<ref name="working" />. Candidates require a driver’s license as well as CPR and first aid certification<ref name="officer" />.
-An example of the physical  fitness test can be seen in the video below:
-<videoflash>rAHzeVetuy8</videoflash>
-Recruiters look for volunteer experience that takes place in a social service setting such as a community centre, hospital or school program<ref name="working" />.
-A major factor in the hiring procedure is looking for candidates that are emotionally mature and thus are less likely to hire candidates newly out of high-school<ref name="working" />.
-The Application process involves various health checks (both mental and physical). Individuals go through police background checks and reviews, vision tests, language proficiency tests, and extensive interviews<ref name="become" />.
-Further training takes place once a candidate has been hired. This training takes place for 30 days and is fully paid for<ref name="officer" />. This specialized training involves formal and on-the-job training on use of weapons, crisis management and diffusion skills, self-defense, and cognitive skills to deal with inmates<ref name="officer" />. This training reoccurs after every 5 years of employment to keep officers up to date with procedures <ref name="become" />.
-These requirements are reflective of all provinces in Canada<ref name="working" />.
-== Related skills, interests, and abilities ==
-Skills needed to become a Correctional Officer include:  planning, supervising, time-management, physical strength, emotional stablity, observation, effective communication (verbal, non-verbal and active listening), strong writing, interpersonal skills, persuasion, critical thinking, judgement and decision making as well as self-control<ref name="jailers" />.Correctional Officers work in a dangerous environment with high risks of violence and they are required to possess the skills that will allow them to think fast and effectively in any given situation<ref name="working" />. A Correctional Officer requires communication skills that will allow information to be given correctly and authoritatively to inmates but also effectively to other Officers and supervisors <ref name="become" />.
-Correctional Officers require strong oral comprehension in order to listen and understand information as well as present thoughts, observations and guidance accurately. Correctional Officers also require reasoning abilities and problem solving as well as information gathering skills <ref name="jailers" />. Selective attention is another necessary ability as concentration on a given task over long time periods may become difficult with various distractions occurring <ref name="jailers" />. The last ability is reasonable assertiveness, as Correctional Officers are dealing with offenders with criminal history assertiveness is required to show authority and to motivate inmates to follow your instructions<ref name="jailers" />.
-Personal characteristics a person should have if interested in pursuing corrections as a career are conventional interests that require guides and instructions, relationship building and caring or others<ref name="jailers" />.A person should demonstrate stable mental and emotional personal characteristics, integrity and attention to detail<ref name="jailers" />.
-== Relevance of Psychology undergraduate degree ==
-An undergraduate degree in psychology is one of the three top degrees required for a career as a Correctional Officer<ref name="become" />. Psychology is the study of how people behave, think and feel and this allows for a deeper understanding of the inmates in these jails and penitentiaries<ref name="working" />.
-At Brock University there are various courses that can allow insight into the minds of these offenders such as the Psychology of Violent Predators. This course can influence the use of Risk Assessment and Intuition Judgement theories and methods such as the VRAG (Violence Risk Appraisal Guide) to determine which inmates  may require more supervision and that may be more of a risk to the safety of the other inmates as well as the other Officers.
-A course on critical Thinking can diminish any biases and illusory correlations of inmates and violent behaviour by assessing the situation and looking deeper into the reality of the threat of the inmates. Asking questions and making various observations can diminish anxiety, fear and danger felt in the profession.
-Cognition and social psychology courses can help learn approaches of power and control and how various people react to power based on cognitive dissonance theory and the role of authority. Correctional Officers can learn how to gain control and influence over the inmates but can also assess how too much power can also create complications.
-Personality and Neuropsychology courses shed some perspectives on the unique actions of inmates based on the cognitive processes and the contributions of their personality traits. The content of these courses allows psychological knowledge to develop that creates understanding of environmental influence on individuals as well as their internal influence on their behaviours. An example of this is through Lewinian theory that considers the various situational determinates of behaviour and personality and the influence it has on overall behaviour.
-== Salary potential ==
-Salary earnings vary based on the location, employer and experience of the worker. The higher government levels of penitentiary pay Correctional Officers more<ref name="officer" />.For example someone working in a federal penitentiary will make more than someone in the same position in a provincial penitentiary.
-New recruits that are hired with little to no experience start off around $37,000 a year, where officers with years of experience can make $70,000 or more<ref name="officer" />. The average salary range is from $50,000- $60,000 a year<ref name="officer" />.
-In addition to salary as a Correctional Officer there are opportunities to earn more money through overtime. The position also comes with health benefits, paid vacation and pensions<ref name="officer" />.
-== Job outlook ==
-Correctional Officer positions are in demand as the Government of Canada predicts incarceration rates to increase. With an increase of inmates in these jails and penitentiaries the demand for Correctional Officers increases. The Correctional Service Officers predict an annual job growth rate of 2.1% from 2013-2016<ref name="government"> Correctional Service Officers. (2013). Government of Canada. Retrieved February 7, 2015, from         http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/6462.shtml</ref>.
-In addition to this expected job growth rate, over the next 5 years 77% of Canadian wardens are expected to retire due to the baby boomers reaching retirement<ref name="government" />. This results in more managerial positions opening as well as the initial job growth.
-== To know more ==
-If you are interested in becoming a Correctional Officer and want to know more, or if you are interested in the application process [http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become_corr_off/careers_corr_become_off.html CLICK HERE]<ref name="application"> Becoming a Correctional Officer: Application Process. (2013). Retrieved February 9, 2015, from    http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become_corr_off/careers_corr_become_off.html</ref>. For answers to frequently asked questions [http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become_corr_off/COFAQs/cs_coFAQ.html CLICK HERE]<ref name="faq"> Becoming a Correctional Officer: Frequently Asked Questions. (2013, January 1). Retrieved February 9, 2015, from http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become corr_off/COFAQs/cs_coFAQ.html</ref>.
-The Ontario Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services also provides a self-assessment [http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become_corr_off/Self-assessment/cs_coself_assess.html CLICK HERE]<ref name="ministry"> Becoming a Correctional Officer: Self Assessment. (2013, January 1). Retrieved February 9,2015, from http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/careers_in_corr/become_corr_off/Self- assessment/cs_coself_assess.html</ref> for those curious to see of the profession of Correctional Officer is right for you.
-==Notes and References==
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-= Psychometrist (Joann Tweney) =
-== General Overview ==
-A psychometrist specializes in psychological testing in areas such as personality, aptitude, interest and intelligence. A psychometrist can also measure brain function as it pertains to certain diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's<ref name="jobs"> Inside Jobs(n.d.) Psychometrist. Retrieved from http://www.insidejobs.com/careers/psychometrist</ref> . These tests are divided into two main categories: aptitude and ability tests and personality and interest tests. These tests serve a wide range of purposes including: determining career goals; management styles; personality types; employment suitability; areas of cognitive functioning or development, and more<ref name="success"> Psychometrics Success. (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.psychometric-success.com/faq/faq-what-are-psychometric-tests.htm</ref>. Examples of who might request psychometric testing include: psychologists or school psychologists; employers seeking to assess a potential employee's suitability or aptitude; research firms who wish to test new products. Examples of individual tests include: personality profiles, motivation questionnaires, reasoning tests. All tests must meet three important criteria: standardization; reliability and validity<ref name="Mind"> Mind Tools. (n.d.). Retrieved from:http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newCDV_21.htm</ref>, thus eliminating a subjective or biased perspective on behalf of the psychometrist. Tests are typically administered in an office, depending on who has requested the test. A potential employer may test in an office or meeting room whereas a school psychometrist may test in a quiet area where there will be no interruption. Psychometrists work under the supervision of a psychologist <ref Name="jobs" />and must be certified.
-==Notes and References==
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-= Bereavement counsellor [Meaghan Buy] =
-Bereavement counsellor (also grief or loss counsellor)
-== General overview ==
-Also known as grief or loss counsellors, bereavement councellors help adults and children cope with the death of a loved one through support and counselling. Bereavement counsellors may work for counselling centres, social service agencies, community programs, or be self-employed. Individuals often enter this field of work from a previously related career. A relevant certificate in bereavement counselling is required along with previous education, and experience may be helpful.
-== Job duties and responsibilities ==
-Many duties are similar across various counselling professions. The counsellor interviews clients, prepares case histories, assesses problem, counsels clients and provides therapy. They also evaluate the effectiveness of counselling programs and interventions (National Occupation Classification). Bereavement counsellors typically use a talk therapy form of counselling known as psychotherapy, which allows each individual to convey their independent experience and expression of grief.
-== Typical workday ==
-A typical full time work week is 35 to 40 hours often with evening and weekend work necessary to accommodate the schedule of clients’. A typical work day may be from 9 to 5, but can vary depending on the organization the bereavement counsellor is working for. The number of clients a bereavement counsellor will see in a day is around 4, depending on the scheduled duration of the meeting. The workday may vary day-by-day as the bereavement counsellor may spent part of their time each day in meetings with colleagues, meetings with clients, returning clients’ calls, and filing paper work or entering information from previous sessions into the computer for other health care providers to reference. Part-time work as a bereavement counsellor is also possible. The workplace environment is indoors and in comfortable offices, which ensures the clients’ comfort as well as the counsellors. The bereavement programs may be funded by the government, non-profit organizations, or religious groups (CareerCruising). Work is typically one-on-one with the client but may be done in larger groups of people. Supervision of other counsellors, social service staff and assistants may also be involved (National Occupation Classification). Bereavement counsellors also help those dealing with loss from childhood that may be affecting their present relationships, with families of terminally ill patients and the ill patient themselves helping to prepare and cope with what is happening. Individual strategies are developed based on the client’s situation to help them deal with loss in healthier ways and begin to adjust to life without the loved one.
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-== Related Skills, Interests, and Abilities ==
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-== Salary Potential ==
-== Job Outlook ==
-== To Know More ==
-= Youth Mental Health Worker (Julia Sormaz) =
-== General Overview ==
-<ref>http://www.kidsmentalhealth.ca/parents/getting_help2.php</ref>
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-== Typical Workday ==
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-== Related Skills, Interests and Abilities ==
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-== Salary Potential ==
-== Job Outlook ==
-== To Know More ==
-== Notes and References ==
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-= Print Journalist (Andrew Yap) =
-== General Overview ==
-Print journalism is an incredibly dynamic profession that offers a wide range of career possibilities varying from news or investigative reporting to editorial commentary.
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-== Typical Workday ==
-== Educational Requirements and Other Qualifications ==
-== Related Skills, Interests and Abilities ==
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-== Salary Potential ==
-== Job Outlook ==
-== To Know More ==
-= Market Research Analyst (Aimee Wesson)=
-The job of a Market Research Analyst is related to the field of Consumer Psychology.
-== General Overview ==
-A job as a Market Research Analyst as the name implies, is based primarily on the researching and understanding market trends. Marketing research analyst’s focus on understanding consumer buying behavior (that is what consumers want to buy and how much they are willing to pay for it), conducting market research, interpreting data from research, formulating sales reports and making recommendations on marketing strategies to their clients based on this information . A job in this field could also involve figuring out exactly what emotional, environmental and behavioral factors motivate or influence consumers when making purchasing decisions .
-== Job Duties and Responsibilities ==
-Although responsibilities and duties of a Market Research Analyst can vary, they typically involve:
--Designing questionnaires and moderator guides to collect the necessary data from consumers.
--Gathering, processing and interpreting research data. This happens in a variety of ways including using focus groups and surveys to using geofencing and eye tracking technologies.
--Using gathered research data to make decisions regarding consumer needs, wants and desires.  This would involve understanding consumer emotions, cognitions and behaviours that relate to the consumer purchase experience.
--Identifying and monitoring market trends and communicating this information to clients.
--Reporting on sales trends and presenting marketing strategy recommendations to clients.
-== Typical Workday ==
-== Educational Requirements ==
-== Related Skills, Interests and Abilities ==
-== Relevance of Psychology Undergraduate Degree ==
-== Salary Potential ==
-== Job Outlook ==
-== To Know More ==
 [[Abraham, Lydia - Registered Marriage and Family Therapist]]