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Revision as of 16:41, 22 September 2011 (edit) Pd08to (Talk | contribs) (→Level Two Heading) ← Previous diff		Revision as of 15:55, 26 October 2011 (edit) (undo) Kb09ou (Talk | contribs) Next diff →
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-	==Level One Heading==	+	==Professional Abuse of Elders==
-	sfklsjeflsjdlfnsnffjsf	+	In countries like UK, Canada and Sweden there is an increasing rate of older adults
-	===Level Two Heading===	+	needing full time care in nursing facilities (Hasson & Arnetz, 2006). Elderly abuse within
-	sflshdflsfnlsjefinslfbngb	+	nursing homes is becoming a serious problem globally because physical abuse, mental abuse,
-	====Level Three Heading====	+	financial abuse and neglect can all occur within the same nursing care facility. This has inspired
-	*fkslfjsdgnlskdglsng	+	researchers to study the characteristics that make staff vulnerable to committing maltreatment,
-	*dlsjfklnlads	+
-	*dlfksjfnlkasjdfil	+	and the characteristics of elderly patients that are vulnerable to being abused. The majority of
-	--[[User:Pd08to|Pd08to]] 16:41, 22 September 2011 (EDT)	+
		+	research has found three common factors that influence whether a nurse or staff member will
		+
		+	engage in abusive behavior. The three common factors include; staff to patient ratio, the amount
		+
		+	of training and education recieved and burnout effect.
		+
		+
		+
		+	'''Patient to Staff Ratio'''
		+
		+
		+	A number of research has shown that facilities with a large number of patients and low
		+
		+	number of staff tended to be at risk for abuse, it is believed that this happens because the lack of
		+
		+	staff can lead to poor management and deciscion making (Natan & Lowenstein, 2010). Using
		+
		+	questionnares there was found a strong link between the number of staff and the number of cases
		+
		+	of abuse and neglect (Natan & Lowenstein, 2010). It's important for older adults and the families
		+
		+	of older adults to be aware of this risk.
		+
		+
		+	'''Training Level'''
		+
		+
		+	The amount of training and education regarding how to treat older adults in nursing care
		+
		+	plays a strong factor in abuse. It is important for nurses and staff members to have the proper
		+
		+	amount of education and training to make the right decisions. Buzgova & Ivanova (2011)
		+
		+	performed research on 454 employees from 12 nursing homes using interviews and
		+
		+	questionnares, results showed that employees at risk for being abusers tended to be employed for
		+
		+	more than 5 years without proper training. Furthur researcher should be conducted on how
		+
		+	through education on treating older adults with ethical principles could reduce the risk in
		+
		+	once high risk staff (Buzgova & Ivanova, 2011).
		+
		+
		+	'''Burnout Effect'''
		+
		+
		+	Burnout effect is when a person becomes so stressed that they can no longer function at a
		+
		+	normal level. They start to feel numb and apathetic. This can cause serious damage when nursing
		+
		+	staff become affected by burnout. Nurses with burnout effect are at risk for abusing patients
		+
		+	because they will no longer feel empathy or a high sense of responsibility for their well being.
		+
		+	Hasson & Arnetz (2006) was interested in the factors related to work satisfaction, through
		+
		+	comparing nurses working in home-based elderly care and nurses working in nursing home care.
		+
		+	They used a questionnare which measured their beliefs of competence and how much stress and
		+
		+	satisfaction they felt at work (Hasson & Arnetz, 2006). They found that nurses working in home-
		+
		+	based elderly care felt less competent, however, they tended to feel less stress and more
		+
		+	satisfaction with their work environment than nurses working in nursing home care (Hasson &
		+
		+	Arnetz, 2006). Nurses from both care organizations felt exhaustion from work though. Hasson &
		+
		+	Arnetz (2006) argue that their findings show an importance for interventions to be set up that
		+
		+	would help nurses deal with work-related exhaustion. In Buzgova & Ivanova (2011) correlational
		+
		+	study they found more cases of abuse when nurses had more than 5 years experience without
		+
		+	proper training and also suffered from burnout effect. Natan, Lowenstein & Eisikovits (2010)
		+
		+	measured burn out effect in nurses using a [Maslach Burnout Inventory], it was found that as they
		+
		+	had predicted there was a strong relationship found between burnout and elder abuse. This
		+
		+	relationship was statistically stronger than educational level and attitudes about elders and abuse
		+
		+	(Natan, Lowenstein & Eisikovits, 2010). Older adult patients also have characteristics that put
		+
		+	themselves at risk for being abused.
		+
		+
		+	'''Traits of the Abused'''
		+
		+
		+	Research has found that older adults with certain personlity traits, mental disorders or
		+
		+	behavioral problems are vulnerable to abuse. Malmedal, Ingebrigtsen & Saveman (2009) found
		+
		+	that elders tended to be more vulnerable to abuse when they were very dependent on nursing
		+
		+	staff. This might be due to the fact that when a nurse has to focus all of his or her attention on a
		+
		+	patient they can experience frustration and burnout effect more often. Buzgova & Ivanova (2011)
		+
		+	measured survey responses from patients and nursing staff and found that there was a link
		+
		+	between personality and mental state of the patient and the likelihood of them being abused.
		+
		+	Older adults that have an agressive or depressive temperment and those suffering from mental
		+
		+	problems such as dementia are vulnerable to being abused(Buzgova & Ivanova, 2011).

---

Revision as of 15:55, 26 October 2011

Professional Abuse of Elders

In countries like UK, Canada and Sweden there is an increasing rate of older adults

needing full time care in nursing facilities (Hasson & Arnetz, 2006). Elderly abuse within

nursing homes is becoming a serious problem globally because physical abuse, mental abuse,

financial abuse and neglect can all occur within the same nursing care facility. This has inspired

researchers to study the characteristics that make staff vulnerable to committing maltreatment,

and the characteristics of elderly patients that are vulnerable to being abused. The majority of

research has found three common factors that influence whether a nurse or staff member will

engage in abusive behavior. The three common factors include; staff to patient ratio, the amount

of training and education recieved and burnout effect.

Patient to Staff Ratio

A number of research has shown that facilities with a large number of patients and low

number of staff tended to be at risk for abuse, it is believed that this happens because the lack of

staff can lead to poor management and deciscion making (Natan & Lowenstein, 2010). Using

questionnares there was found a strong link between the number of staff and the number of cases

of abuse and neglect (Natan & Lowenstein, 2010). It's important for older adults and the families

of older adults to be aware of this risk.

Training Level

The amount of training and education regarding how to treat older adults in nursing care

plays a strong factor in abuse. It is important for nurses and staff members to have the proper

amount of education and training to make the right decisions. Buzgova & Ivanova (2011)

performed research on 454 employees from 12 nursing homes using interviews and

questionnares, results showed that employees at risk for being abusers tended to be employed for

more than 5 years without proper training. Furthur researcher should be conducted on how

through education on treating older adults with ethical principles could reduce the risk in

once high risk staff (Buzgova & Ivanova, 2011).

Burnout Effect

Burnout effect is when a person becomes so stressed that they can no longer function at a

normal level. They start to feel numb and apathetic. This can cause serious damage when nursing

staff become affected by burnout. Nurses with burnout effect are at risk for abusing patients

because they will no longer feel empathy or a high sense of responsibility for their well being.

Hasson & Arnetz (2006) was interested in the factors related to work satisfaction, through

comparing nurses working in home-based elderly care and nurses working in nursing home care.

They used a questionnare which measured their beliefs of competence and how much stress and

satisfaction they felt at work (Hasson & Arnetz, 2006). They found that nurses working in home-

based elderly care felt less competent, however, they tended to feel less stress and more

satisfaction with their work environment than nurses working in nursing home care (Hasson &

Arnetz, 2006). Nurses from both care organizations felt exhaustion from work though. Hasson &

Arnetz (2006) argue that their findings show an importance for interventions to be set up that

would help nurses deal with work-related exhaustion. In Buzgova & Ivanova (2011) correlational

study they found more cases of abuse when nurses had more than 5 years experience without

proper training and also suffered from burnout effect. Natan, Lowenstein & Eisikovits (2010)

measured burn out effect in nurses using a [Maslach Burnout Inventory], it was found that as they

had predicted there was a strong relationship found between burnout and elder abuse. This

relationship was statistically stronger than educational level and attitudes about elders and abuse

(Natan, Lowenstein & Eisikovits, 2010). Older adult patients also have characteristics that put

themselves at risk for being abused.

Traits of the Abused

Research has found that older adults with certain personlity traits, mental disorders or

behavioral problems are vulnerable to abuse. Malmedal, Ingebrigtsen & Saveman (2009) found

that elders tended to be more vulnerable to abuse when they were very dependent on nursing

staff. This might be due to the fact that when a nurse has to focus all of his or her attention on a

patient they can experience frustration and burnout effect more often. Buzgova & Ivanova (2011)

measured survey responses from patients and nursing staff and found that there was a link

between personality and mental state of the patient and the likelihood of them being abused.

Older adults that have an agressive or depressive temperment and those suffering from mental

problems such as dementia are vulnerable to being abused(Buzgova & Ivanova, 2011).