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-	==Environmental concerns==	+	==Endomycorrihza==
-	===Acid Rain===	+	===Habitat===
-	Acid rain is formed in the upper atmosphere as NO3 and SO2 are hydrolyzed <ref> Charlson, R.J., Rodhe, H., 1982. Factors controlling the acidity of natural rainwater. Nature 295, 683-685 </ref> mixing with rain water and eventually falling back down to earth. Mycorrhizal associations can be affected either indirectly or through influence on host shoots. <ref> Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182 </ref> Acid rain can have differeing effects on different species, one particular ECM fungi ascomycetes Cenococcum spp. has been reported to be more abundant in forests that have under gone acidification, most likely due to decreased competition from other species of fungi.<ref> Danielson, R.M., Visser, S., 1989. Ef€fects of forest soil acidification on ectomycorrhizal and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal development. New Phytologist 112, 41±47 </ref> The problem of acid rain is often compounded as an increase in PH leads to an increase in the rate that minerals dissolve such as toxic heavy metals. <ref> Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182 </ref>	+	===Reproduction and Growth===
		+	====Life Cycle====
		+	====Biochemical Pathways====
		+	===Applications===
		+	====Genetics====
		+	====Current Studies====
-	===Head 2===	+	==Ectomycorrihza==
		+	===Habitat===
		+	===Reproduction and Growth===
		+	====Life Cycle====
		+	====Biochemical Pathways====
		+	===Applications===
		+	====Genetics====
		+	====Current Studies====
		+	==Comparisone Table==
-	==Header 3==	+	==Environmental concerns==
		+	===Acid Rain===
		+	Acid rain is formed in the upper atmosphere as NO3 and SO2 are hydrolyzed <ref> Charlson, R.J., Rodhe, H., 1982. Factors controlling the acidity of natural rainwater. Nature 295, 683-685 </ref> mixing with rain water and eventually falling back down to earth. Mycorrhizal associations can be affected either indirectly or through influence on host shoots. <ref> Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182 </ref> Acid rain can have differeing effects on different species, one particular ECM fungi ascomycetes Cenococcum spp. has been reported to be more abundant in forests that have under gone acidification, most likely due to decreased competition from other species of fungi.<ref> Danielson, R.M., Visser, S., 1989. Ef€fects of forest soil acidification on ectomycorrhizal and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal development. New Phytologist 112, 41±47 </ref> The problem of acid rain is often compounded as an increase in PH leads to an increase in the rate that minerals dissolve such as toxic heavy metals. <ref> Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182 </ref>
		+	===Head 2===
	==References==		==References==

---

Revision as of 15:48, 15 March 2013

Contents 1 Introduction to Mycorrhiza 2 Endomycorrihza 2.1 Habitat 2.2 Reproduction and Growth 2.2.1 Life Cycle 2.2.2 Biochemical Pathways 2.3 Applications 2.3.1 Genetics 2.3.2 Current Studies 3 Ectomycorrihza 3.1 Habitat 3.2 Reproduction and Growth 3.2.1 Life Cycle 3.2.2 Biochemical Pathways 3.3 Applications 3.3.1 Genetics 3.3.2 Current Studies 4 Comparisone Table 5 Environmental concerns 5.1 Acid Rain 5.2 Head 2 6 References

Introduction to Mycorrhiza

Hello everyone! I still have to reference these findings, as well as finish this section. This is just a start to my brainstorming process. Thanks! Brianne Taylor

"Mycor" - "rhiza" is derived from the Greek words meaning "fungus" - "root" ^[1]. This symbiotic relationship occurs underground between the fungi and the root system of vascular plants. Mycorrhiza colonize in host plant root systems either intracellularly(endomycorrhiza) or extracellularly(ectomycorrhiza). Commonly, upon invasion a mutualistic relationship is established in which hundreds of thousands of mycelial branches are extended into the soil to allow uptake of phosphorous spanning over a large area. However, occasionally upon invasion a pathogenic relationship is established

Endomycorrihza

Habitat

Reproduction and Growth

Life Cycle

Biochemical Pathways

Applications

Genetics

Current Studies

Ectomycorrihza

Habitat

Reproduction and Growth

Life Cycle

Biochemical Pathways

Applications

Genetics

Current Studies

Comparisone Table

Environmental concerns

Acid Rain

Acid rain is formed in the upper atmosphere as NO3 and SO2 are hydrolyzed ^[2] mixing with rain water and eventually falling back down to earth. Mycorrhizal associations can be affected either indirectly or through influence on host shoots. ^[3] Acid rain can have differeing effects on different species, one particular ECM fungi ascomycetes Cenococcum spp. has been reported to be more abundant in forests that have under gone acidification, most likely due to decreased competition from other species of fungi.^[4] The problem of acid rain is often compounded as an increase in PH leads to an increase in the rate that minerals dissolve such as toxic heavy metals. ^[5]

Head 2

References

^[6]

^[7]

^[8]

1. ↑ Frank, A. B. (1885). "Über die auf Würzelsymbiose beruhende Ehrnährung gewisser Bäum durch unterirdische Pilze". Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 3: 128–145.
2. ↑ Charlson, R.J., Rodhe, H., 1982. Factors controlling the acidity of natural rainwater. Nature 295, 683-685
3. ↑ Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182
4. ↑ Danielson, R.M., Visser, S., 1989. Ef€fects of forest soil acidification on ectomycorrhizal and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal development. New Phytologist 112, 41±47
5. ↑ Cairney,J. Meharg,A. Influences of anthropogenic pollution on mycorrhizal fungal.Environmental Pollution 106 (1999) 169-182
6. ↑ Frank, A. B. (1885). "Über die auf Würzelsymbiose beruhende Ehrnährung gewisser Bäum durch unterirdische Pilze". Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 3: 128–145.
7. ↑ Author, 2013
8. ↑ Author2, 2014